University of Guam/Cancer Research Center of Hawaii Partnership (1 of 2)

描述（申请人提供）：口腔癌是世界第六大癌症，在嚼槟榔（又称槟榔）常见的国家，口腔癌排名前三。在密克罗尼西亚，一个经常咀嚼槟榔的太平洋群岛，患口腔癌的风险很高，但不同人群的风险差异很大。1985-1998年期间（按1988年美国人口年龄调整），楚克的患病率为每10万人4.2例，雅浦为每10万人31.8例。在关岛，1997-2003年期间，根据2000年美国人口年龄调整后的口腔癌发病率在查莫罗人的8.1和其他密克罗尼西亚人的17.9之间变化。这些人群口腔癌发病率的差异可能是由于槟榔咀嚼方式的差异。为了研究咀嚼模式的影响，我们必须能够在多个密克罗尼西亚群岛上进行不同咀嚼模式的研究。以前，我们制定了全面的槟榔评估方案和检测关岛口腔病变的方案。试点研究的总目标是进一步发展和测试这些方法，并证明它们可以应用于关岛以外岛屿上槟榔使用的研究。将从北马里亚纳群岛联邦（CNMI）的塞班岛招募100名长期食用槟榔（经常食用至少10年）的密克罗尼西亚人（50名男性和50名女性）作为方便样本。我们将收集槟榔的使用、口腔癌前病变的存在、饮食、人口统计、人体测量、病史和身体活动的数据。本研究的具体目的是：1)收集研究参与者及其家庭其他成员使用槟榔的信息；2)根据需要对研究参与者进行口腔检查和活组织检查；3)测量该人群中的其他健康风险，包括肥胖、高血压、自述心血管疾病和糖尿病史以及不健康的饮食习惯；4)检查食用槟榔的持续时间、频率和类型与口腔癌前期和其他健康风险的关系。这一试点项目将有助于制定研究密克罗尼西亚槟榔使用和疾病风险的研究方法，并将为全面研究槟榔使用和口腔病变流行情况的多岛研究提供必要的初步数据。最终，更好地了解这些关联将为通过教育努力和有针对性的干预策略减少健康风险提供重要的新方向。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Oral cancer is the sixth leading cancer in the world, and ranks in the top three cancers in countries where betel nut (also known as areca nut) chewing is common. In Micronesia, a group of Pacific Islands where betel nut is frequently chewed, the risk of oral cancer is elevated, but quite variable across populations. For the period 1985-1998 (age-adjusted to the 1988 U.S. population), the prevalence per 100,000 ranged from 4.2 in Chuuk to 31.8 in Yap. In Guam, the incidence of mouth cancer per 100,000 population for the period 1997-2003, age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. population, varied between 8.1 for Chamorros to 17.9 among other Micronesians. The disparity in oral cancer rates among these populations may be due to differences in betel nut chewing patterns. To investigate the effect of chewing patterns, we must be able to conduct studies on multiple Micronesian islands with differing chewing patterns. Previously, we developed a comprehensive betel nut assessment protocol and a protocol for detecting oral lesions on Guam. The overall objectives of the pilot study are to further develop and test these methods, and to demonstrate that they can be applied in a research study of betel nut use on an island other than Guam. A convenience sample of 100 Micronesians (50 men and 50 women) who are long-term betel nut users (regular use for at least 10 years) will be recruited from the island of Saipan in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). We will collect data on betel nut use, presence of oral precancerous lesions, diet, demographics, anthropometry, medical history, and physical activity. The specific aims of this study are to: 1) collect information on betel nut use among study participants and other members of their families, 2) perform oral examinations, and biopsies, as needed, on study participants, 3) measure other health risks among this population, including obesity, high blood pressure, self-reported history of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and unhealthy dietary practices and 4) examine associations of duration, frequency, and type of betel nut use with oral pre-cancers and with other health risks. This pilot project will help formulate the research methods for studying betel nut use and disease risk in Micronesia, and will provide the necessary preliminary data for a full multi-island study of betel nut use and the prevalence of oral lesions. Ultimately, a better understanding of these associations will provide important new directions for reduction of health risks through educational efforts and targeted intervention strategies.