HDPT

国际卡车司机兄弟会-国家劳工学院(IBT-NLC)联盟危险材料防灾培训计划(HDPT)的目标是提高工人和社区的安全，并保护与通过卡车、轨道车和多式联运从国家港口运输危险材料有关的交通基础设施 装运集装箱。 运输工人安全、健康和安保培训的背景和需求 联邦政府加大了对通过海运集装箱将大规模杀伤性武器或其他危险材料引入美国的可能性的关注。这些集装箱可能被恐怖分子用来向美国走私核、化学或生物武器。2007年，超过1100万个远洋货运集装箱在美国港口卸货。促进货物的自由流动，同时确保集装箱不会对国土安全构成威胁--无论是运载大规模杀伤性武器还是其他危险材料--仍然是国土安全部面临的众多挑战之一。(高晓松：供应链安全，2008年3月) 美国海事系统由300个海港和内河港口组成，拥有3700多个货运和客运码头，以及1000多个港口航道，分布在数千英里的海岸上。美国25个港口占所有集装箱发货量的98%。每年有900多万个海运集装箱进入港口，一艘大型集装箱船可以运载3000多个集装箱。多式联运集装箱可能含有大量危险材料、爆炸物、毒药和放射性物质。运输这些集装箱的卡车或火车车厢可能被劫持，用于准备大规模杀伤性武器，或者集装箱本身可能被连接成武器。 危险材料的运输造成了紧急情况的风险，威胁到工人和公众的生命。危险材料运输是恐怖袭击的潜在目标，可能会造成直接相关人员的伤亡，并破坏必要的交通基础设施和港口。布鲁金斯学会报告说……“用集装箱运输的大规模杀伤性武器……可能造成高达1万亿美元的经济损失。”(《保护美国国土：初步分析》，布鲁金斯学会自由出版社) 突发危险物品运输事故造成工人伤亡，并影响到周边社区。2008年，向交通部报告了14,756起危险材料事故，造成145人重伤，8人死亡，损失总额为38,508,928美元(交通部2009年)。在我国港口工作的危险材料运输工人势在必行 有足够的培训。培训将为他们提供识别和应对安全威胁的知识；识别和应对危险材料的紧急释放；以及保护自己、同事和周围社区免受 在危险材料情况下的污染。

The goal of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters-National Labor College (IBT-NLC) Consortium Hazardous Materials Disaster Preparedness Training Program (HDPT) is to increase worker and community safety, and protect transportation infrastructure with respect to the shipment of hazardous materials from the nation's ports via trucks, rail cars and intermodal shipping containers. Background and Need for Transportation Worker Safety, Health and Security Training The federal government has placed on increased focus on the possibility of introducing WMDs or other hazardous materials into the U.S. through ship cargoes via shipping containers. The containers may be used by terrorists to smuggle nuclear, chemical or biological weapons into the U.S. "In 2007, more than 11 million ocean-going cargo containers were offloaded at U.S. ports. Facilitating the free flow of goods while ensuring that the containers do not pose a threat to homeland security ¿ whether by carrying WMDs or other dangerous materials ¿ remains one of the many challenges facing the Department of Homeland Security." (GAO: Supply Chain Security, March, 2008) The U.S. Maritime system consists of 300 sea and river ports with more than 3,700 cargo and passenger terminals and more than 1,000 harbor channels spread along thousands of miles of coast. Twenty-five US ports account for 98% of all container shipments. More than 9 million marine containers enter the ports each year, and a large container ship can carry more than 3,000 containers. Intermodal shipping containers may contain large quantities of hazardous materials, explosives, poisons and radioactive materials. Trucks or rail cars transporting these shipping containers could be hijacked for use in preparing a WMD, or the shipping container itself may be wired as a weapon. The transportation of hazardous materials creates a risk of emergencies that threaten the lives of workers and the public. Hazardous materials transportation is a potential target for terrorist attacks, and can injure and kill the people directly involved, and damage essential transportation infrastructure and the ports. The Brookings Institute Reports..."that a weapon of mass destruction shipped by container...could cause damage and disruption costing the economy as much as $1 trillion."(Protecting the American Homeland: A Preliminary Analysis, Brookings Institution Free Press) Accidentals hazardous materials transportation incidents injure and kill workers, and affect the surrounding communities. In 2008, 14,756 hazardous materials incidents were reported to DOT resulting in 145 serious injuries and 8 fatalities, with damages totaling $38,508,928 (DOT 2009). It is imperative that hazardous materials transportation workers who work at our nation's ports have adequate training. The training will provide them with the knowledge to identify and respond to security threats; identify and respond to an emergency release of hazardous materials; and protect themselves, co-workers and surrounding communities from contamination in the event of a hazardous materials situation.