Development of Psychopathology: From Brain and Behavioral Science to Intervention

描述(由申请者提供)：本提案寻求继续资金，以培训研究儿童、青少年和成人精神病理学的发展和治疗/预防的研究科学家。这一培训计划的主要目标是培养研究科学家，他们将对以下方面的知识状况做出贡献：(A)精神病理学发展和维持中的心理社会和神经生物学过程，以及(B)将这些基本知识转化为有经验支持的治疗和预防精神病理学的干预措施。方法：(A)该方案的基础是以学徒制为基础的研究指导，受训者由至少两名初级教师导师直接指导。通过课程和研讨会为受训人员制定个性化方案，(B)所有受训人员参加由方案主任和教员参加的每周一次的研讨会。这次研讨会为不同类型的精神病理学的生物-心理-社会机制奠定了基础，将这一基本知识转化为干预策略，正常和异常行为的发展，研究设计和量化方法，少数群体和跨文化问题，负责任的研究行为，以及专业发展，(C)访问学者系列包括与不同的世界级学者举行为期两天的密集会议，讨论来访者的研究，并让受训者接受关于他们自己工作的咨询。这些访问带来了极具启发性和互惠互利的讨论与合作。结果：到目前为止，在20年的资助中，该计划成功地实现了目标。在过去十年中，该计划资助的46名受训人员中，77%目前在大学和医学院担任研究和/或教学职位，或继续进行研究培训。学员撰写了300多篇同行评议的文章和500个会议报告，获得了几个有声望的奖项，其中48%的人是联邦或州政府、基金会或大学基金资助的PI或共同PI。范德比尔特大学的研究质量得到了提高，这一点从教职员工的反馈和过去五年授予项目教职员工的研究补助金资金的增加中可见一斑。计划：请为两类受训人员提供经费：(A)高级博士后受训人员(每年四个职位)和(B)博士后受训人员(每年三个职位)。该计划强调该领域的跨学科性质，学员来自不同的背景，教师代表临床、发展、社会、认知和量化心理学、神经科学、精神病学、儿科学、药理学、社会学和教育学。该项目是心理学和人类发展系(皮博迪学院)和心理学系(艺术和理科)的合资项目，由范德比尔特大学约翰·F·肯尼迪人类发展研究中心管理。 公共卫生相关性：与NIMH的使命一致，这项研究培训计划旨在培养能够(A)产生、整合和传播关于一系列精神疾病潜在的基本神经生物学和心理社会机制的新知识的科学专家，以及(B)将这些基础研究转化为治疗和预防儿童、青少年和成人精神病理学的干预措施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal seeks continuation funds to train research scientists studying the development and treatment/prevention of psychopathology in children, adolescents, and adults. The primary goals of this training program are to produce research scientists who will contribute to the state of knowledge about (a) the psychosocial and neurobiological processes in the development and maintenance of psychopathology, and (b) the translation of this basic knowledge into empirically supported interventions for treating and preventing psychopathology. Method: (a) The foundation of the program is apprenticeship-based research mentoring in which trainees receive direct guidance by at least two primary faculty mentors. Individualized programs are developed for trainees through courses and workshops, (b) All trainees participate in an ongoing weekly proseminar attended by program directors and faculty. This proseminar provides a foundation in the biopsychosocial mechanisms underlying different types of psychopathology, the translation of this basic knowledge into intervention strategies, development of normal and abnormal behavior, research design and quantitative methods, minority and cross-cultural issues, the responsible conduct of research, and professional development, (c) A Visiting Scholars series involves intensive two-day meetings with different world-class scholars to discuss the visitor's research and for trainees to receive consultation on their own work. These visits have led to highly stimulating and mutually beneficial discussions and collaborations. Results: During the twenty years of funding thus far, this program has been successful in achieving its goals. Seventy-seven percent of the 46 trainees funded by this program in the last decade currently hold research and/or teaching positions in universities and medical schools or continue their research training. Trainees have authored over 300 peer reviewed articles and 500 conference presentations, have received several prestigious awards, and 48% have been funded as the PI or co-PI of grants from the Federal or State government, Foundations, or University funds. The quality of research at Vanderbilt has been enhanced, as indicated by faculty feedback and an increase in research grant funds awarded to program faculty during the past five years. Plan: Funds are requested for two types of trainees: (a) advanced predoctoral trainees (four positions per year) and (b) postdoctoral trainees (three positions per year). The program emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of the field in that trainees come from diverse backgrounds and faculty represent clinical, developmental, social, cognitive, and quantitative psychology, neuroscience, psychiatry, pediatrics, pharmacology, sociology, and education. The program is a joint venture of the Departments of Psychology and Human Development (Peabody College) and Psychology (Arts and Science), administered through the John F. Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development at Vanderbilt University. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Consistent with the mission of NIMH, this research training program aims to produce scientific experts who can (a) produce, integrate, and disseminate new knowledge about fundamental neurobiological and psychosocial mechanisms underlying a range of psychiatric conditions, and (b) translate this basic research into interventions for treating and preventing psychopathology in children, adolescents, and adults.