Collection and Taxonomy of Shallow Water Marine Organisms

浅水海洋生物的采集和分类

• 批准号: 8104497
• 负责人: PATRICK COLIN
• 金额: $ 76.53万
• 依托单位: CORAL REEF RESEARCH FOUNDATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8104497
• 关键词: Agreement; Antineoplastic Agents; Biodiversity; Biological Factors; Cancer cell line; Collaborations; Collection; Commit; Contractor; Contracts; Country; Deposition; Documentation; Equipment; Exclusion; Financial compensation; Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center; Freezing; Government; Human Resources; Laboratories; Letters; Malignant Neoplasms; Marine Invertebrates; Marines; Methanol; Methylene Chloride; National Cancer Institute; Organism; Plants; Policies; Process; Qualifying; Research; Resources; Sampling; Science; Screening procedure; Services; Site; Source; Specimen; Taxonomy; Testing; Vertebrates; Vial device; Water; Weight; base; marine organism; programs; repository; sound

Independently and not as an agent of the US Government, the contractor shall furnish all the necessary services, qualified personnel, material, equipment and facilities, not otherwise provided by the Government as needed to collect sufficient quantities of 450-500 marine macro-organisms per year which will yield 10-20 gram samples of extract after processing by a separate extraction facility. From previous studies, this would require the collection of ca 1000 grams, frozen wet weight of a given sample. Specimens of all organisms collected shall be submitted to the Natural Products Repository at the National Cancer Institute (NCI)-Frederick, Frederick, MD., for deposition. Up to 20% of the organisms may be provided in quantities from 300 to 500 grams when the collectors judge that [I.] they will provide adequate amounts of organic extract or [II.] the organism is from an unusual taxonomic group and is not abundant. Ecologically sound collection practices must be used. Undertake the complete identification to species level of every sample collected, as soon as possible (normally within 6 months but in the cases of "new to Science" then the taxonomist will proceed as expeditiously as is feasible to identify to species) after collection. Avoid, as far as is possible, duplicate collections of species over the full contract period from the same or close by sites [generally less than 1 kilometer away]. Collections shall include species from as wide a variety of phyla and classes as possible, and should not concentrate on too many species from one class to the exclusion of those from other classes. Collections shall be predominately marine invertebrates with up to approximately 10% of the collection being marine plants. Vertebrates are specifically excluded from the collection. Certain genera and classes shall be given low priority since prior screening has shown their extracts to be either totally inactive or highly toxic. Detailed documentation of the collection is required for the Natural Products Repository. In undertaking these collections, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) has committed itself to the conservation of biological diversity, as well as to policies of fair and equitable collaboration and compensation in interacting with the Source Countries participating in the collection programs. Agreements based on the NCI Letter of Collection have been signed with relevant government organizations in many of the source countries participating in the collection program. Each organism is extracted in the Natural Products Extraction Laboratory with a 1:1 mixture of dichloromethane and methanol, and then with water, and the extracts are stored at -200C in the Natural Products Repository. Both these facilities are operated by SAIC at the Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center under contract to the NCI. Both extracts are tested in the NCI cancer cell line screen in order to further research in cancer and cancer drug developmnet. The NCI considers the Natural Products Repository as a national resource, and extracts from the Repository are available either in vials or in 96 well plates for distribution to qualified organizations through the Open Repository Program and the Active Repository Program.

承包商应独立且不作为美国政府的代理人，提供政府未另行提供的所有必要服务、合格人员、材料、设备和设施，以每年采集足够数量的 450-500 种海洋大型生物，经单独的提取设施处理后将产生 10-20 克提取物样品。根据之前的研究，这需要收集约 1000 克的给定样品的冷冻湿重。收集的所有生物体样本均应提交至马里兰州弗雷德里克市国家癌症研究所 (NCI) 的天然产物存储库进行保存。当收集者判断 [I.] 他们将提供足够量的有机提取物或 [II.] 该生物体来自不寻常的分类群并且数量不多时，最多可以提供 20% 的生物体，数量为 300 至 500 克。必须采用生态上无害的收集方法。收集后尽快（通常在 6 个月内，但在“科学新手”的情况下，分类学家将尽快对收集的每个样本进行物种水平的完整鉴定）。尽可能避免在整个合同期内从同一地点或附近地点（通常相距不到 1 公里）重复采集物种。收藏品应包括尽可能广泛的门和纲的物种，不应集中于某一纲的太多物种而排除其他纲的物种。收藏品应主要是海洋无脊椎动物，其中海洋植物最多占收藏品的 10%。脊椎动物被明确排除在收藏之外。某些属和纲应给予低优先级，因为先前的筛选已显示其提取物完全无活性或具有剧毒。天然产物存储库需要收集的详细文件。 在开展这些收集工作时，美国国家癌症研究所 (NCI) 致力于保护生物多样性，并在与参与收集计划的来源国互动时奉行公平公正的合作和补偿政策。已与参与收集计划的许多来源国的相关政府组织签署了基于 NCI 收集函的协议。在天然产物提取实验室中用二氯甲烷和甲醇的1:1混合物提取每种生物，然后用水提取，提取物在-200C下储存在天然产物存储库中。这两个设施均由 SAIC 根据与 NCI 的合同在 Frederick 癌症研究与发展中心运营。两种提取物均在 NCI 癌细胞系筛选中进行测试，以便进一步研究癌症和癌症药物开发。 NCI 将天然产物存储库视为国家资源，存储库中的提取物可以装在小瓶中或装在 96 孔板中，通过开放存储库计划和活跃存储库计划分发给合格的组织。