Collection and Taxonomy of Shallow Water Marine Organisms

浅水海洋生物的采集和分类

• 批准号: 8503536
• 负责人: PATRICK COLIN
• 金额: $ 72.58万
• 依托单位: CORAL REEF RESEARCH FOUNDATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-01 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8503536
• 关键词: Agreement; Antineoplastic Agents; Biodiversity; Biological Factors; Cancer cell line; Collaborations; Collection; Commit; Contractor; Contracts; Country; Deposition; Documentation; Equipment; Exclusion; Financial compensation; Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center; Freezing; Government; Human Resources; Laboratories; Letters; Malignant Neoplasms; Marine Invertebrates; Marines; Methanol; Methylene Chloride; National Cancer Institute; Organism; Plants; Policies; Process; Qualifying; Research; Resources; Sampling; Science; Screening procedure; Services; Site; Source; Specimen; Taxonomy; Testing; Vertebrates; Vial device; Water; Weight; base; marine organism; programs; repository; sound

Independently and not as an agent of the US Government, the contractor shall furnish all the necessary services, qualified personnel, material, equipment and facilities, not otherwise provided by the Government as needed to collect sufficient quantities of 450-500 marine macro-organisms per year which will yield 10-20 gram samples of extract after processing by a separate extraction facility. From previous studies, this would require the collection of ca 1000 grams, frozen wet weight of a given sample. Specimens of all organisms collected shall be submitted to the Natural Products Repository at the National Cancer Institute (NCI)-Frederick, Frederick, MD., for deposition. Up to 20% of the organisms may be provided in quantities from 300 to 500 grams when the collectors judge that [I.] they will provide adequate amounts of organic extract or [II.] the organism is from an unusual taxonomic group and is not abundant. Ecologically sound collection practices must be used. Undertake the complete identification to species level of every sample collected, as soon as possible (normally within 6 months but in the cases of "new to Science" then the taxonomist will proceed as expeditiously as is feasible to identify to species) after collection. Avoid, as far as is possible, duplicate collections of species over the full contract period from the same or close by sites [generally less than 1 kilometer away]. Collections shall include species from as wide a variety of phyla and classes as possible, and should not concentrate on too many species from one class to the exclusion of those from other classes. Collections shall be predominately marine invertebrates with up to approximately 10% of the collection being marine plants. Vertebrates are specifically excluded from the collection. Certain genera and classes shall be given low priority since prior screening has shown their extracts to be either totally inactive or highly toxic. Detailed documentation of the collection is required for the Natural Products Repository. In undertaking these collections, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) has committed itself to the conservation of biological diversity, as well as to policies of fair and equitable collaboration and compensation in interacting with the Source Countries participating in the collection programs. Agreements based on the NCI Letter of Collection have been signed with relevant government organizations in many of the source countries participating in the collection program. Each organism is extracted in the Natural Products Extraction Laboratory with a 1:1 mixture of dichloromethane and methanol, and then with water, and the extracts are stored at -200C in the Natural Products Repository. Both these facilities are operated by SAIC at the Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center under contract to the NCI. Both extracts are tested in the NCI cancer cell line screen in order to further research in cancer and cancer drug developmnet. The NCI considers the Natural Products Repository as a national resource, and extracts from the Repository are available either in vials or in 96 well plates for distribution to qualified organizations through the Open Repository Program and the Active Repository Program.

承包者应独立地而不是作为美国政府的代理人，提供所有必要的服务、合格的人员、材料、设备和设施，而不是由政府根据需要另外提供，以每年收集足够数量的450-500个海洋大型生物体，并在单独的提取设施处理后产生10-20克的提取物样品。根据以前的研究，这将需要收集约1000克的给定样品的冷冻湿重。收集的所有生物体的标本应提交给国家癌症研究所（NCI）的天然产品储存库-Frederick，Frederick，MD，作证当收集者判断[I.]它们将提供足够量的有机提取物或[II.]这种生物来自一个不寻常的分类群，数量不多。必须采用合理的收集做法。收集后尽快（通常在6个月内，但在“新科学”的情况下，分类学家将尽可能迅速地进行物种鉴定）对收集的每个样本进行物种水平的完整鉴定。尽可能避免在整个合同期内从同一地点或附近地点（一般在1公里以内）重复采集物种。标本应包括尽可能广泛的门和纲的物种，不应集中于一个纲的太多物种而排除其他纲的物种。采集物应主要是海洋无脊椎动物，其中海洋植物的采集量应达到约10%。脊椎动物被明确排除在收集之外。某些属和纲应给予低优先级，因为先前的筛选已显示其提取物完全无活性或毒性很高。收集的详细文件是天然产品库所必需的。 在进行这些收集的过程中，国家癌症研究所（NCI）致力于保护生物多样性，并在与参与收集计划的来源国互动时采取公平和公正的合作和补偿政策。在参与收集方案的许多来源国，已与有关政府组织签署了以NCI收集函为基础的协议。在天然产物提取实验室用二氯甲烷和甲醇的1：1混合物提取每种生物，然后用水提取，提取物在-200 ℃下储存在天然产物储存库中。这两个设施都是由SAIC在弗雷德里克癌症研究和发展中心根据合同NCI经营。两种提取物都在NCI癌细胞系筛选中进行了测试，以进一步研究癌症和癌症药物开发。NCI将天然产品储存库视为国家资源，储存库中的提取物可以通过开放储存库计划和主动储存库计划分发给合格的组织。