FUNCTIONAL COUPLING BETWEEN VOLTAGE-GATED CA2 CHANNELS AND TRESK K+ CHANNELS

电压门控 CA2 通道和 Tresk K 通道之间的功能耦合

• 批准号: 8823105
• 负责人: YUQING CAO
• 金额: $ 19.06万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-15 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8823105
• 关键词: Action Potentials; Afferent Neurons; Binding; Binding Sites; Calcineurin; Caliber; Calmodulin; Cells; Chelating Agents; Classic Migraine; Co-Immunoprecipitations; Coupled; Coupling; Dependence; Disease; Dominant-Negative Mutation; Egtazic Acid; Exhibits; Family; Foundations; Frameshift Mutation; Frequencies; Future; Genes; Human; Ion Channel; Isolectin; Knock-out; Knockout Mice; Lead; Light; Link; Mediating; Migraine; Modeling; Mus; Mutate; Mutation; Neurons; Nociception; Outcome; Outcome Study; Pathway interactions; Physiological; Plants; Potassium Channel; Proteins; Research; Signal Pathway; Source; Spinal Cord; Spinal Ganglia; Stimulus; Structure of trigeminal ganglion; System; Testing; Transmembrane Domain; Trigeminal Neuralgia; Trigeminal System; Work; channel blockers; genetic pedigree; insight; interdisciplinary approach; loss of function; loss of function mutation; mutant; neuronal excitability; protein K; protein complex; public health relevance; research study; response; voltage

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): TWIK-related spinal cord K+ (TRESK) channel belongs to the two-pore-domain K+ (K2P) channel family and is the only K2P channel that exhibits Ca2+-dependent activation. Previous studies have shown that TRESK is a major background K+ channel in primary afferent neurons and controls neuronal excitability in both normal and disease settings. Despite the recent progress in the studies of TRESK and other K2P channels, it is still not clear whether endogenous TRESK channels are activated by intracellular Ca2+ and if so, what is the source of the Ca2+ and to what degree this contributes to the overall background K+ currents and neuronal excitability. Recently, a frameshift mutation in the KCNK18 gene encoding human TRESK subunit has been associated with migraine with aura in a large pedigree. The mutation results in the truncation of the TRESK protein. We have expressed the mutant TRESK subunit in cultured trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons and found that it has a dominant-negative effect on the endogenous TRESK currents. Furthermore, neurons expressing mutant TRESK subunits exhibited a lower current threshold to elicit action potential as well as a higher spike frequency in response to supra-threshold stimuli, indicating that the mutation resulted in hyper-excitability of TG neurons. Interestingly, we have shown previously that a migraine-associated P/Q-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel mutation also results in hyper-excitability of TG neurons, raising the possibility that P/Q and TRESK channels may regulate TG neuron excitability through a common pathway. The research objective of this proposal is to test the hypothesis that P/Q-type Ca2+ channels and TRESK K+ channels are functionally coupled in a subpopulation of TG nociceptive neurons to control neuronal excitability. Specifically, we hypothesize that Ca2+ influx through P/Q-type channels activates TRESK channels via the Ca2+/calmodulin-calcineurin signaling pathway, thereby regulating the excitability of TG neurons. First, we will investigate whether the endogenous TRESK channel activity is necessary for P/Q-type channels to regulate TG neuron excitability. Secondly, we will test whether P/Q-mediated Ca2+ influx is necessary for the endogenous TRESK channels to control the excitability of TG neurons. In addition, we will use HEK cells co-expressing P/Q and TRESK channels as a platform to explore the mechanisms underlying the P/Q-TRESK coupling. We will investigate whether the rise in local Ca2+ near P/Q channels is sufficient to enhance TRESK activity and whether the Ca2+ preferentially binds to the calmodulin pre-associated with P/Q-type channels. We will also test whether the P/Q-TRESK coupling requires the activation of calcineurin anchored to the TRESK channels. Lastly, we will investigate whether P/Q and TRESK channels interact with each other within a protein complex. The outcome of this study will lead to better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the P/Q-TRESK as well as its functional significance. Ultimately this will shed light on the common mechanisms through which P/Q and TRESK channel mutations cause migraine headache.

描述（由申请人提供）：TWIK相关脊髓K+（TRESK）通道属于双孔结构域K+（K2 P）通道家族，是唯一表现出Ca 2+依赖性激活的K2 P通道。先前的研究表明，TRESK是初级传入神经元中的主要背景K+通道，并且在正常和疾病情况下控制神经元的兴奋性。尽管最近在TRESK和其他K2 P通道的研究中取得了进展，但仍然不清楚内源性TRESK通道是否被细胞内Ca 2+激活，如果是这样，Ca 2+的来源是什么，以及在多大程度上这有助于整体背景K+电流和神经元兴奋性。 最近，编码人类TRESK亚基的KCNK 18基因中的移码突变与一个大家系中的先兆偏头痛相关。突变导致TRESK蛋白的截短。我们在培养的三叉神经节（TG）神经元中表达了突变的TRESK亚基，发现它对内源性TRESK电流具有显性负效应。此外，表达突变体TRESK亚基的神经元表现出较低的电流阈值，以引起动作电位，以及较高的尖峰频率响应于阈上刺激，表明突变导致TG神经元的过度兴奋性。有趣的是，我们以前已经表明，偏头痛相关的P/Q型电压门控Ca 2+通道突变也导致TG神经元的超兴奋性，提高了P/Q和TRESK通道可能通过共同途径调节TG神经元兴奋性的可能性。 本研究的目的是验证P/Q型Ca ~（2+）通道和TRESK K ~+通道在TG伤害感受神经元亚群中功能性偶联以控制神经元兴奋性的假说。具体而言，我们假设，通过P/Q型通道的Ca 2+内流激活TRESK通道通过Ca 2 +/钙调素-钙调神经磷酸酶信号通路，从而调节TG神经元的兴奋性。首先，我们将研究内源性TRESK通道活性是否是P/Q型通道调节TG神经元兴奋性所必需的。其次，我们将测试P/Q介导的Ca 2+内流是否是内源性TRESK通道控制TG神经元兴奋性所必需的。此外，我们将使用共表达P/Q和TRESK通道的HEK细胞作为平台来探索P/Q-TRESK偶联的潜在机制。我们将研究P/Q通道附近局部Ca 2+的升高是否足以增强TRESK活性，以及Ca 2+是否优先结合与P/Q型通道相关的钙调蛋白。我们还将测试P/Q-TRESK偶联是否需要激活锚定到TRESK通道的钙调磷酸酶。最后，我们将研究P/Q和TRESK通道是否在蛋白质复合物中相互作用。本研究的结果将导致更好地了解的机制，潜在的P/Q-TRESK以及其功能意义。最终，这将揭示P/Q和TRESK通道突变导致偏头痛的共同机制。