Incremental effect of smoking on HIV immune activation and cardiac health

 描述（由申请人提供）：HIV感染人群中吸烟的流行率增加。主动吸烟与心血管疾病和其他合并症（包括艾滋病毒感染者的恶性肿瘤和骨质疏松症）的高风险独立相关。然而，吸烟对炎症、免疫激活和心血管风险的独立贡献仍不清楚。我们最近发现，吸烟状态与几种炎症标志物水平升高独立相关，并且在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的受试者中，较高的炎症标志物与心血管风险、糖尿病和AIDS或非AIDS临床事件相关。该应用程序汇集了艾滋病毒疾病，血管炎症，免疫学，血管成像，行为干预和口腔微生物组研究的一流专家组，以确定吸烟状态以及戒烟是否会影响艾滋病毒中的心血管疾病风险以及炎症加剧，免疫激活，氧化应激和口腔微生物组变化的介导作用。了解吸烟对接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV感染受试者的炎症和免疫激活的具体作用，有可能对预防包括心血管疾病在内的HIV合并症产生重大影响。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The prevalence of smoking is increased in the HIV-infected population. Active smoking is independently associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease and other co-morbidities including malignancies and osteoporosis in HIV. However, the independent contribution of smoking to the heightened inflammation, immune activation, and cardiovascular risk remains unclear. We recently showed that smoking status is independently associated with increased levels of several inflammatory markers, and that higher inflammatory markers are associated with cardiovascular risk, diabetes and AIDS or non-AIDS clinical events in subjects receiving antiretroviral therapy. This application gathers a superb group of experts in HIV disease, vascular inflammation, immunology, vascular imaging, behavioral interventions, and oral microbiome studies to determine whether smoking status and furthermore smoking cessation, affect cardiovascular disease risk in HIV and the mediation effect of heightened inflammation, immune activation, oxidative stress and oral microbiome changes. Understanding the specific contribution of smoking to the heightened inflammation and immune activation in HIV-infected subjects on antiretroviral therapy has the potential to have a significant impact on prevention of HIV co-morbidities including cardiovascular disease.