Incremental effect of smoking on HIV immune activation and cardiac health

 描述(申请人提供)：在艾滋病毒感染人群中吸烟的流行率增加。主动吸烟独立地与心血管疾病和其他共病的高风险相关，包括艾滋病毒中的恶性肿瘤和骨质疏松症。然而，吸烟对炎症、免疫激活和心血管风险增加的独立贡献尚不清楚。我们最近发现，在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的受试者中，吸烟状况与几种炎症标志物水平的升高独立相关，而更高的炎症标志物与心血管风险、糖尿病和艾滋病或非艾滋病临床事件有关。这项应用汇集了艾滋病毒疾病、血管炎症、免疫学、血管成像、行为干预和口腔微生物组研究方面的一流专家，以确定吸烟状况以及戒烟是否会影响艾滋病毒的心血管疾病风险，以及炎症、免疫激活、氧化应激和口腔微生物组变化的调节作用。了解吸烟对艾滋病毒感染者在抗逆转录病毒治疗中炎症和免疫激活加剧的具体贡献，有可能对预防包括心血管疾病在内的艾滋病毒共病产生重大影响。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The prevalence of smoking is increased in the HIV-infected population. Active smoking is independently associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease and other co-morbidities including malignancies and osteoporosis in HIV. However, the independent contribution of smoking to the heightened inflammation, immune activation, and cardiovascular risk remains unclear. We recently showed that smoking status is independently associated with increased levels of several inflammatory markers, and that higher inflammatory markers are associated with cardiovascular risk, diabetes and AIDS or non-AIDS clinical events in subjects receiving antiretroviral therapy. This application gathers a superb group of experts in HIV disease, vascular inflammation, immunology, vascular imaging, behavioral interventions, and oral microbiome studies to determine whether smoking status and furthermore smoking cessation, affect cardiovascular disease risk in HIV and the mediation effect of heightened inflammation, immune activation, oxidative stress and oral microbiome changes. Understanding the specific contribution of smoking to the heightened inflammation and immune activation in HIV-infected subjects on antiretroviral therapy has the potential to have a significant impact on prevention of HIV co-morbidities including cardiovascular disease.