Inter-American Training for Innovations in Emerging Infectious Diseases

描述(申请人提供)：新出现的传染病，如结核病、疟疾和恰加斯病，在资源有限的国家是主要的公共卫生问题，在较富裕的国家是一个日益严重的威胁/问题。由于研究经费有限，往往没有有效的战略来诊断和控制这些疾病，而解决这些问题往往需要各机构之间采取跨学科的方法，而这些机构之间往往不相互作用。为了开始满足这一需求，美国、秘鲁和阿根廷的一个大学和组织联盟将建立一个美洲研究培训计划，以创新方法应对新出现的传染病。该联盟有效地整合了公共卫生、科学与工程、社会科学和医学四个不同的学科，为来自联盟机构的8名博士后水平的参与者提供跨学科培训，以创新应对新出现的传染病的方法，其中至少6名参与者来自拉美裔美国合作伙伴。在以新发传染病为主题的项目中，具有工程、社会科学、医学和公共卫生背景的博士后实习生将获得指导培训经验，并以团队合作的方式识别传染病诊断、管理或控制方面的问题。他们将结合自己不同的技能组合，在来自多个学科的导师的指导下，设计和实施一个联合研究项目，通过开发新的设备、干预或创新技术来解决或缓解问题。该计划将为项目参与者和其他选定的博士后水平学员设立为期两周的核心培训计划，轮流在秘鲁新奥尔良和利马进行研究方法、生物伦理学和负责任的研究以及拨款撰写技能方面的培训，同时还将培训卫生跨学科创新模式，如将长凳科学与原型相联系，从公共卫生项目到创业战略，试点项目和扩大规模，基于市场的方法和营销，并与社区参与者进行研究。他们将结合自己不同的技能，在拥有多个学科的指导委员会的指导下，设计和实施一个联合研究项目，通过开发新的设备、干预或创新技术来解决或缓解问题。在培训的最后阶段，博士后实习生团队将测试他们的设备、干预措施或技术，并在商业和行业顾问的指导下开发测试结果良好的研究计划产品用于营销。该计划的目标是建立跨学科研究团队，通过开发可在拉丁美洲和其他发展中国家有效应用的具有成本效益的工具，创造性地和可持续地应对新出现的传染病的挑战，如登革热、恰加斯病和结核病。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Emerging infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, malaria, and Chagas' disease, present major public health problems in resource-limited countries and are an increasing threat/problem in wealthier countries. Effective strategies to diagnose and control these diseases are often not available because of limited research funding, and solutions to these problems often require interdisciplinary approaches between institutions that often do not interact with each other. To begin to address this need, a consortium of universities and organizations in the United States, Peru, and Argentina will establish an Inter-American Research Training Program for Innovative Approaches to Emerging Infectious Diseases. The consortium effectively integrates the four distinct disciplines of public health, science and engineering, social sciences, and medicine to provide interdisciplinary training in innovative approaches to emerging infectious diseases for eight post-doctoral level participants from consortium institutions, with at least six of these participants coming from Lati American partners. Within the program theme of emerging infectious diseases, postdoctoral trainees with backgrounds in engineering, social sciences, medicine, and public health will receive mentored training experiences and work together as a team to identify problems in the diagnosis, management, or control of infectious diseases. Combining their own diverse skill sets and under the direction of mentors from multiple disciplines, they will design and implement a joint research project to solve or mitigate the problem by developing a new device, intervention, or innovative technique. The program will establish two-week core training programs for program participants and other selected post-doctoral level trainees, carried out alternately in New Orleans and Lima, Peru, in research methodology, bioethics and responsible research, and grant-writing skills, along with training in models of interdisciplinary innovations for health such as linking bench science to prototypes, from public health programs to entrepreneurial strategies, pilot projects and scale-up, market-based approaches and marketing, and engaged research with community participants. Combining their own diverse skill sets and under the direction of a Mentoring Committee with multiple disciplines, they will design and implement a joint research project to solve or mitigate the problem by developing a new device, intervention, or innovative technique. In the final stages of the training, postdoctoral trainee teams will test their devices, interventions, or techniques, and research program products with favorable test results will be developed for marketing with the guidance of business and industry consultants. The goal of the program is to build teams of interdisciplinary researchers who can creatively and sustainably address challenges of emerging infectious diseases, such as dengue, Chagas' disease, and tuberculosis, by developing cost-effective tools that can be applied effectively in Latin America and other parts of the developing world.