Impact of Psychiatric Genetic Data on Civil Litigation and its Relationship with Stigma

精神病学基因数据对民事诉讼的影响及其与耻辱的关系

• 批准号: 8951309
• 负责人: Maya Sabatello
• 金额: $ 17.39万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8951309
• 关键词: Address; Advocate; Affect; Area; Attitude; Behavior; Behavioral Genetics; Bioethics; Child; Child Custody; Clinical; Collaborations; Complement; Computers; Conflict of Interest; Court Decisions; Dangerousness; Data; Decision Making; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disputes; Economics; Education; Empirical Research; Ensure; Etiology; Family; Family member; Free Will; Gender; General Population; Genetic; Genetic screening method; Genomics; Goals; Grant; Health Status; Human; Individual; Institutes; International; Journals; Justice; Knowledge; Laws; Learning; Legal; Link; Literature; Litigation; Measures; Medical; Mental disorders; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Monitor; National Human Genome Research Institute; Nature; Neurobiology; Parents; Peer Review; Perception; Persons; Policies; Policy Maker; Privacy; Psyche structure; Psychiatry; Public Policy; Publishing; Race; Research; Research Methodology; Research Priority; Rights; Risk; Role; Sampling; Schools; Social Characteristics; Social Justice; Social Sciences; Societies; Special Education; Surveys; System; Technology; Therapeutic; Time; Tort; Traction; Training; Training Programs; Work; base; body-mind; court; design; disability; ethical legal social implication; experience; father role; interest; programs; prospective; psychogenetics; psychologic; public health relevance; response; skills; social; social equality; social science research; social stigma

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Advances in psychiatric genetics are likely to offer major diagnostic and therapeutic benefits, but also legal and social-related risks, to individuals who were diagnosed with, or have a proclivity for, psychiatric disorders. In response, courts and policy-makers will have to ensure that psychiatric genetic data are used to promote, and not to obstruct, equality, justice, and social inclusion. However, few studies have queried how such data might impact judicial decision-making; none have explored this question in civil proceedings about parental rights, children's education, and responsibility for behavior in tort. This K01 proposes to study the impact of psychiatric genetic data on these 3 prominent areas of litigation and its relationship to stigma to better understand the implications of new discoveries in psychiatric genetics for law, society, and individual rights, and to inform policy-makers about this knowledge as they devise responses to these advances. The study's aims are: 1) To survey appellate court decisions in family law, education, and torts to determine the extent to which courts are considering psychiatric genetic data, and how they use such data in their decisions; 2) To investigate judicial views about the use of psychiatric genetic data and how such data may affect judges' and public perceptions of parental capacity, educational decisions, and civil responsibility for behavior in tort cases; and 3) To assess the association between psychiatric genetic data and stigma by studying if such data affect judges' and public perception of broader civil legal incapacity and treatment options, and the relationship to judicial bias against persons with psychiatric conditions. For Aim 1, I will use a mix of qualitative legal analysis and empirica methods. For Aim 2, I will use a vignette methodology, administered in 3 waves, with samples, respectively, of family court judges, parents, and state trial court judges and the jury-eligible general population. For Aim 3, I will use existing legal and sociological literature on psychiatric related stigma to develop measures of explicit stigma, and a computer-based measure designed to detect implicit bias, administered as part of the vignettes, to assess the relationships among psychiatric genetic data, judicial decisions, and stigma. Findings will be published in peer-reviewed medical, psychological and policy journals. Complementing these studies will be an intensive training program comprised of didactic courses, tailored training, clinical exposure at the NY State Psychiatric Institute, and mentored experience. My primary mentor Dr. Appelbaum, co-mentors Drs. Link and Ottman, collaborator, Dr. Phelan, biostatistician, Dr. Goldsmith, and consultant, Dr. Parens will train and monitor my progress as I attain my training goals to: 1) develop the skills necessary for conducting empirical research; 2) learn about the clinical aspects of psychiatric disorders; and 3) build and expand national and international professional collaborations with scholars in psychiatry, genetics, social sciences, bioethics, and law. This training will culminate in R01 grant submission to further study the intended and unintended consequences of psychiatric genetic data on law, equality, and social inclusion.

 描述（由申请人提供）：精神病遗传学的进展可能会提供主要的诊断和治疗益处，但也有法律的和社会相关的风险，个人谁被诊断为，或有倾向，精神疾病。作为回应，法院和政策制定者必须确保精神病遗传数据用于促进而不是阻碍平等，正义和社会包容。然而，很少有研究质疑这些数据如何影响司法决策;没有人在民事诉讼中探讨这个问题，如父母权利、子女教育和侵权行为责任。K 01建议研究精神病遗传数据对这三个突出的诉讼领域的影响及其与耻辱的关系，以更好地了解精神病遗传学新发现对法律，社会和个人权利的影响，并在制定应对这些进步的措施时告知政策制定者这些知识。这项研究的目的是：1）调查上诉法院在家庭法、教育和侵权方面的判决，以确定法院在多大程度上考虑精神病遗传数据，以及他们如何在判决中使用这些数据; 2）调查关于使用精神病遗传数据的司法观点，以及这些数据如何影响法官和公众对父母能力、教育决定和侵权案件中行为的民事责任的看法;通过研究精神病遗传数据是否影响法官和公众对更广泛的民事法律的无行为能力和治疗方案的看法，以及与司法偏见的关系，评估精神病遗传数据与污名化之间的关联 有精神病的人对于目标1，我将混合使用定性法律的分析和分析方法。对于目标2，我将使用一个小插曲的方法，管理在3波，样本，分别是家庭法院法官，父母，和州初审法院法官和陪审团合格的一般人群。对于目标3，我将使用现有的法律的和社会学文献，对精神病 相关的耻辱，以制定明确的耻辱的措施，和一个基于计算机的措施，旨在检测隐含的偏见，管理的一部分，小插曲，精神病遗传数据，司法判决，和耻辱之间的关系进行评估。研究结果将发表在同行评审的医学、心理学和政策期刊上。补充这些研究将是一个密集的培训计划，包括教学课程，量身定制的培训，在纽约州精神病研究所的临床暴露，并指导经验。我的主要导师Appelbaum博士、共同导师Link博士和合作者Alberman博士、生物统计学家金匠博士和顾问Parens博士将对我进行培训并监督我的进展，因为我实现了以下培训目标：1）发展进行实证研究所需的技能; 2）了解精神疾病的临床方面; 3）与精神病学、遗传学、社会科学、生物伦理学和法律领域的学者建立和扩大国家和国际专业合作。这项培训将最终在R 01赠款提交进一步研究精神病遗传数据对法律，平等和社会包容的预期和意外后果。