Innovation in an Aging Society

描述(申请人提供)：美国科学工作者正在老龄化--美国学者和医学院教职员工的平均年龄从1970年的40多岁增加到40多岁。这种老龄化令人担忧，因为人们认为人们在职业生涯早期就做出了重要的科学贡献。此外，美国正转向将创新作为经济驱动力，人口老龄化将增加并转移对生物医学创新的需求。该计划项目将开发和传播关于老龄化社会中研究的产生和影响的相互关联的研究机构，以及必要的数据基础设施，以促进研究个人层面的创新以及老龄化和创新的充满活力的研究社区的发展。我们的研究将围绕两个广泛且相互关联的问题展开：(1)我们将预测老龄化的科学劳动力将如何影响创新和政策响应的数量和质量。我们将研究创新在生命周期中的变化，以及a)研究团队和社区的年龄结构；b)从培训到退休的生命周期事件；以及c)研究人员的特征(性别、种族和民族)如何调节年龄-创新关系。(2)我们将研究研究对健康的影响和对当地经济的溢出效应，以及老龄化的生物医学研究劳动力将如何影响健康和经济。我们还将研究人口老龄化将如何影响对生物医学研究的需求，以及研究人员将如何应对。在三个核心的支持下，我们的多学科团队将对老龄化社会中的创新进行全面分析和催化研究，这些核心提供(A)管理、(B)数据获取和构建以及(C)项目开发。作为对这项工作的补充，我们将产生广泛的数据和工具，包括关于生物医学研究人员的大规模、明确的纵向数据集，这些数据集不仅将支持这些项目，而且将为研究界提供基础设施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The U.S. scientific workforce is aging - the average age of both US academics and medical school faculty increased to the late 40s, from the early 40s in 1970. This aging is troubling because people are seen to make important scientific contributions early in their careers. Moreover, the U.S. is turning to innovation as an economic driver, and the aging of the population will both increase and shift the demand for biomedical innovation. This Program Project will develop and disseminate an interrelated body of research on the production and impact of research in an aging society along with the data infrastructure necessary to catalyze the development of a dynamic research community studying innovation at the individual-level and aging and innovation. Our research will be organized around 2 broad, interrelated issues: (1) We will project how the aging scientific workforce will affect the quantit and quality of innovation and policy responses. We will study how innovation varies over the lifecycle, and how a) the age-structure of research teams and communities; b) life-cycle events from training to retirement; and c) researcher characteristics (gender, race, and ethnicity) mediate the age-innovation relationship. (2) We will study the health impacts of and local economic spillovers from research and how the aging biomedical research workforce will affect health and the economy. We will also study how the aging of our population will affect the demand for biomedical research and how researchers will respond. Supported by 3 cores providing (A) Administration, (B) Data Acquisition and Construction, and (C) Program Development, our multi-disciplinary team will produce a comprehensive analysis and catalyze research on innovation in an aging society. Complementing this work, we will produce a wide range of data and tools, including a large-scale, disambiguated, longitudinal dataset on biomedical researchers that will not only support the projects, but provide infrastructure for the research community.