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In vivo imaging of therapeutic electric current flow

治疗电流的体内成像

基本信息

批准号：
8853958
负责人：
ROSALIND J SADLEIR
金额：
$ 17.89万
依托单位：
ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-07-01 至 2017-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8853958
关键词：
Affect Attention Beryllium Brain Brain region Cells Clinical Clinical Research Computer Simulation Data Deep Brain Stimulation Development Disease Effectiveness Electric Conductivity Electric Stimulation Electrical Stimulation of the Brain Electrodes Focal Dystonias Goals Head Image Imaging Techniques Knowledge Lead Location Magnetic Resonance Magnetic Resonance Imaging Maps Measurement Measures Mental Depression Methods Modality Modeling Motor Motor Evoked Potentials Movement Disorders Orthography Parkinson Disease Pathway interactions Pattern Phase Positioning Attribute Process Protocols documentation Resolution Safety Scalp structure Shapes Staging Structure Techniques Technology Therapeutic Tissues Treatment Protocols Work base chronic pain clinical application cognitive process density electric impedance executive function human subject improved in vivo in vivo imaging insight interest neurophysiology novel public health relevance research study semantic processing simulation tomography voltage volunteer white matter

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and deep brain stimulation (DBS) are examples of electrical stimulation therapies that are rapidly gaining attention as means of modulating motor function, semantic processing, and executive function. Both therapies have attracted many clinical and experimental studies. tDCS has been found to have both facilitatory and inhibitory effects on the brain depending on stimulation polarity and electrode position. DBS has been thoroughly evaluated clinically for treatment of movement disorders, principally Parkinson's disease, and is extending its reach to include treatment of disorders such as focal dystonia, depression and chronic pain. While still mostly in the experimental stage, tDCS applications and acceptance are growing extremely rapidly. Although the functional alterations associated with tDCS can be categorized without knowledge of the underlying neurophysiology, an understanding of where externally applied current actually flows in any electrical stimulation technique is crucial as a basis for understanding which brain regions, circuits, or elements are affected by these therapies, and how these changes may occur. Such knowledge will lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying these therapies, and thus to more focused and effective stimulation patterns and locations. Ultimately, this will lead to more efficient and novel clinical applications. Many studies have simulated the effects of current application in both extra- and intracranial modalities using computer simulation. Simulations will always be limited by errors in interpreting MRI data during segmentation, differences between assumed and actual electrical conductivity values, and mismatches between actual and presumed electrode locations and sizes. Thus, better methods to understand and verify current flow distributions are badly needed. In this proposal we will use a recently developed MRI-based phase imaging technique to more directly measure current densities in vivo. Unlike earlier MR-based methods of measuring electrical current flow, our technique works without requiring subject repositioning. Our methods will be validated against high-resolution subject-specific models incorporating many tissue compartments, including anisotropic white matter. Thus, we will compare our new direct measurement method against state-of-the-art modeling approaches.

描述（由申请人提供）：经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）和深部脑刺激（DBS）是电刺激疗法的例子，它们作为调节运动功能、语义处理和执行功能的手段而迅速受到关注。这两种疗法都吸引了许多临床和实验研究。研究发现，经颅直流电刺激 (tDCS) 对大脑具有促进和抑制作用，具体取决于刺激极性和电极位置。 DBS 已在治疗运动障碍（主要是帕金森病）方面经过了全面的临床评估，并且正在将其范围扩大到治疗局灶性肌张力障碍、抑郁症和慢性疼痛等疾病。虽然仍处于实验阶段，但 tDCS 的应用和接受度正在极其迅速地增长。虽然与 tDCS 相关的功能改变可以在不了解基础神经生理学的情况下进行分类，但了解外部施加的电流在任何电刺激技术中实际流动的位置对于了解哪些大脑区域、电路或元素受到这些疗法的影响以及这些变化如何发生的基础至关重要。这些知识将有助于更好地理解这些疗法的机制，从而获得更有针对性和更有效的刺激模式和位置。最终，这将带来更有效和新颖的临床应用。许多研究已经使用计算机模拟模拟了当前应用在颅外和颅内模式中的效果。模拟始终受到分割过程中 MRI 数据解释错误、假设和实际电导率值之间的差异以及实际和假设电极位置和尺寸之间的不匹配的限制。因此，迫切需要更好的方法来理解和验证电流分布。在本提案中，我们将使用最近开发的基于 MRI 的相位成像技术来更直接地测量体内电流密度。与早期基于 MR 的电流测量方法不同，我们的技术无需重新定位受试者即可工作。我们的方法将针对包含许多组织区室（包括各向异性白质）的高分辨率特定主题模型进行验证。因此，我们将把我们新的直接测量方法与最先进的建模方法进行比较。