IGF::OT::IGF Cardiovascular Disease in the Inmate and Released Prison Population

国家心脏、肺和血液研究所在马里兰州贝塞斯达召集了一个工作组(WG)，讨论囚犯和获释囚犯中的心血管疾病。 背景 美国监狱人口众多，许多囚犯甚至在进入监狱之前就因其社会和经济状况而处于健康劣势，这使得这些人的健康成为保健和公共卫生系统的重要优先事项。监狱特有的条件也可能增加心血管疾病(CVD)和一系列其他疾病和条件的风险。虽然已经有一些关于被监禁人口健康的研究，但对慢性病，特别是心血管疾病的关注有限。此外，监狱人口在从监狱向普通人口过渡期间，健康不良后果的风险最高。 在我们的国家数据库中收集的数据有助于制定公共卫生政策，并指导美国的卫生方案和服务(《全国健康和营养检查调查》，2016)。然而，对美国疾病真实流行率的估计是有限的，因为这些国家数据库不包括囚犯的健康信息。对平民和非平民人口中疾病流行情况的描述不准确，可能会对供资产生不利影响，特别是如果决策的依据是对真正需要的描述不足。 这对社区和公共医疗系统具有重要影响，因为近95%的囚犯最终以每年70万人的速度被释放回社区。与全国其他人口相比，患有传染病、慢性病(包括哮喘、糖尿病和高血压)和精神疾病的囚犯人数高得不成比例(Gostin，2007)。此外，美国监狱人口比美国总体人口年龄更大，他们的释放将对社区的医疗资源产生影响，这些社区面临着越来越多的老年前囚犯的融入(Williams等人，2012年)。

The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened a Working Group (WG), in Bethesda, Maryland, to discuss Cardiovascular Diseases in the Inmate and Released Prison Population. Background The large size of the prison population in the United States and the fact that many prisoners are at a health disadvantage even before they enter prison as a result of their social and economic circumstances make the health of this population an important priority for health care and public health systems. Conditions specific to prisons may also increase risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and a range of other diseases and conditions. Although there has been some research on the health of incarcerated populations, the focus on chronic diseases, and in particular CVD, has been limited. In addition, the prison population is at highest risk of adverse health outcome during times of transition from prison to the general population. Data collected in our national databases help to develop public health policy and direct health programs and services in the U.S. ("National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ", 2016). However, the estimate of true prevalence of diseases in the U.S. is limited, since health information about prisoners is excluded from these national databases. Inaccurate representation of disease prevalence in both civilian and non-civilian populations may adversely affect funding, especially if decisions are based on an underrepresentation of the true need. This has important implications for communities and the public healthcare system, since nearly 95% of prisoners are eventually released back to communities at a rate of 700,000 annually. A disproportionately high number of prisoners suffer from infectious diseases, chronic diseases (including asthma, diabetes, and hypertension), and mental illness compared with the rest of the nation’s population (Gostin, 2007). In addition, the U.S. prison population is older than the overall U.S. population, and their release will have an impact on health care resources in communities faced with integrating a growing number of older, former inmates (Williams, et al, 2012).