IGF::OT::IGF Cardiovascular Disease in the Inmate and Released Prison Population

国家心脏、肺和血液研究所在马里兰州的贝塞斯达召集了一个工作组（WG），讨论囚犯和获释囚犯的心血管疾病。 背景 美国监狱人口众多，而且许多囚犯由于其社会和经济状况，甚至在入狱之前就处于健康不利地位，这使得这一人口的健康成为保健和公共卫生系统的一个重要优先事项。 监狱特有的条件也可能增加心血管疾病和一系列其他疾病和病症的风险。 虽然对被监禁人口的健康进行了一些研究，但对慢性病，特别是心血管疾病的关注有限。 此外，监狱人口在从监狱过渡到普通人口期间，面临不良健康后果的风险最高。 在我们的国家数据库中收集的数据有助于制定美国的公共卫生政策和指导健康计划和服务（“国家健康和营养调查”，2016年）。 然而，对美国疾病真实流行率的估计是有限的，因为囚犯的健康信息被排除在这些国家数据库之外。对平民和非平民人口中疾病流行率的不准确描述可能对供资产生不利影响，特别是如果决策是基于对真实需求的不充分描述。 这对社区和公共卫生系统具有重要意义，因为每年有近95%的囚犯最终被释放回社区，每年有70万人。 与全国其他人口相比，患有传染病、慢性病（包括哮喘、糖尿病和高血压）和精神疾病的囚犯人数过多（Gostin，2007年）。 此外，美国监狱人口的年龄比美国总人口的年龄大，他们的释放将对社区的医疗资源产生影响，因为社区面临越来越多的老年前囚犯（威廉姆斯等人，2012年）。

The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened a Working Group (WG), in Bethesda, Maryland, to discuss Cardiovascular Diseases in the Inmate and Released Prison Population. Background The large size of the prison population in the United States and the fact that many prisoners are at a health disadvantage even before they enter prison as a result of their social and economic circumstances make the health of this population an important priority for health care and public health systems. Conditions specific to prisons may also increase risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and a range of other diseases and conditions. Although there has been some research on the health of incarcerated populations, the focus on chronic diseases, and in particular CVD, has been limited. In addition, the prison population is at highest risk of adverse health outcome during times of transition from prison to the general population. Data collected in our national databases help to develop public health policy and direct health programs and services in the U.S. ("National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ", 2016). However, the estimate of true prevalence of diseases in the U.S. is limited, since health information about prisoners is excluded from these national databases. Inaccurate representation of disease prevalence in both civilian and non-civilian populations may adversely affect funding, especially if decisions are based on an underrepresentation of the true need. This has important implications for communities and the public healthcare system, since nearly 95% of prisoners are eventually released back to communities at a rate of 700,000 annually. A disproportionately high number of prisoners suffer from infectious diseases, chronic diseases (including asthma, diabetes, and hypertension), and mental illness compared with the rest of the nation’s population (Gostin, 2007). In addition, the U.S. prison population is older than the overall U.S. population, and their release will have an impact on health care resources in communities faced with integrating a growing number of older, former inmates (Williams, et al, 2012).