Indoor Air Concentration Dynamics and Vapor Intrusion

项目摘要/摘要 蒸汽入侵(VI)是美国最近认识到的优先环境健康问题。《VI》 问题涉及挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)，它们从受污染的土壤或地下水中蒸发 在房屋和其他建筑物的下面，直接从土壤进入这些建筑。VI代表一种慢性的， 家庭和学校的低水平接触途径，以及对相关健康的日益关注 风险。管理VI风险的一个主要问题是高度可变的室内污染物浓度 实地调查方法很容易遗漏。这个项目的重点是开发完整的三个- 可以可靠地预测室内浓度水平动态变化的VI的维度模型。这个 建模工作将由两个氯化溶剂的实际现场测量提供信息并进行测试 (TCE和PCE)罗德岛的VI站点。与国际扶轮环境管理部合作，以及 通过研究翻译和社区参与核心，我们将执行室内测量，以 在特征明确的地点建立室内污染物浓度的变异性。室内 测量将包括确定VOCs的浓度，以及对 建模工作，例如空气交换率、相关的室内体积、室内降压和 对吸附材料和表面进行清点。VOC向室内表面的动态分配需要 进一步研究以确定这些过程在确定室内可变性中所起的作用 浓度。因此，项目3还涉及对VI的VOCs进行动态分配的实验室测量 关注常见的室内材料。 本项目与项目1在气相入侵建模方面的生物医学工程合作 健康监测开发了敏感的生物标记物，将时间和暴露相关的健康 三氯乙烯对哺乳动物生殖系统的影响。与Project 4的合作重点是开发 以石墨烯为基础的蒸汽屏障，以限制蒸汽进入结构。 项目假设是VI室内空气污染物浓度的变异性可以是 在三维计算建模中捕捉到的。这些目标将通过三个具体目标来实现： 具体目标1：开发一种预测室内VOC浓度随时间变化的三维计算工具 具体目标2：在罗德岛六国地点进行实地抽样，以进行模型开发和验证 具体目标3：作为输入，测量室内环境中不同材料上的动态VOC分配 到动态建模。 项目3将与罗德岛州部门密切合作。环境管理学博士， 并将依赖于与研究翻译和社区参与核心的强大互动。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Vapor Intrusion (VI) is a recently recognized, priority environmental health concern in the US. The VI problem involves volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which vaporize from contaminated soil or groundwater beneath homes and other structures, entering these buildings directly from the soil. VI represents a chronic, low-level exposure pathway in homes and schools, and there is increasing concern about associated health risks. A major problem in managing VI risk is the highly variable indoor contaminant concentrations that empirical field investigative methods can easily miss. This project focuses on developing a full three- dimensional model of VI that can reliably predict dynamic variability in indoor concentration levels. The modeling work will be informed by, and tested against, actual field measurements at two chlorinated solvent (TCE and PCE) VI sites in Rhode Island. Working with the RI Department of Environmental Management, and with the Research Translation and Community Engagement Cores, we will perform indoor measurements to establish the variability of indoor contaminant concentrations at well-characterized sites. The indoor measurements will include determining concentrations of VOCs, as well as factors that are important to the modeling work, such as air exchange rates, relevant indoor volumes, indoor depressurizations, and the inventory of sorption materials and surfaces. The dynamics of VOC partitioning to indoor surfaces requires further study to establish the role that such processes play in determining the variability in indoor concentrations. Thus, Project 3 also involves laboratory measurements of dynamic partitioning of VOCs of VI concern to common indoor materials. A biomedical-engineering collaboration between this project and Project 1 on Vapor Intrusion Modeling and Health Monitoring develops sensitive biomarkers that integrate the time- and exposure-related health effects of TCE on mammalian reproductive systems. A collaboration with Project 4 focuses on development of graphene-based vapor barriers to limit entry of vapors into structures. The project hypothesis is that the variability in VI indoor air contaminant concentrations can be captured in 3-dimensional computational modeling. The goals will be achieved through three Specific Aims: Specific Aim 1: To develop a 3-D computational tool to predict time-varying indoor VOC concentrations Specific Aim 2: To conduct field sampling at Rhode Island VI sites for model development and validation Specific Aim 3: To measure dynamic VOC partitioning on diverse materials in indoor environments as an input to the dynamic modeling. Project 3 will work in close collaboration with the Rhode Island Dept. of Environmental Management, and will rely upon strong interactions with the Research Translation and Community Engagement Cores.