Food environment, diet quality and disparities in obesity

 描述(申请人提供)：社区在肥胖发展中的作用受到了很多研究的关注。能够识别那些预测更健康体重的社会和环境变量可以帮助在社区层面上促进健康。西雅图肥胖研究(SOS)的这一竞争性更新试图解释为什么肥胖率与个人和地区的社会经济地位(SES)密切相关，而12个月。体重变化则不是。SOS III将招募佤邦国王、斯诺霍米什、皮尔斯和亚基马县的1000名成年居民作为纵向队列。这4个县在种族/民族、教育、收入、人口密度、发展模式和肥胖率方面存在差异。以地址为基础的抽样方案，按SES分层，将产生40%肥胖的人口样本，同时确保地理多样性。20分钟的健康行为调查将由巴特尔调查研究中心通过电话进行。测量的身高和体重将在基线、12和24个月在当地现场亲自获得。参与者将在基线、12和24个月完成食物频率问卷(FFQ)。每个县384种FFQ食品的当前超市价格将被用来估计三个时间点的个人饮食成本。地理信息系统/全球定位系统方法将跟踪3天的旅行模式以及所有食物事件在基线、12和24个月的时间和地点。佩戴超过3天的加速计将跟踪基线、12和24个月的体力活动。将在12个月和24个月进行两次后续健康行为调查。将在基线、12个月和24个月使用Info USA对食品环境进行环境扫描。SOS是少数几项将纵向调查研究与环境暴露、GPS跟踪、加速计和营养经济学的地方性指标相结合的观察性研究之一。SOS III将探索这些变量对24个月内体重轨迹的影响。第一个目标是确定基线SES和环境变量是否可以预测能量摄入、饮食质量和成本、体力活动和体重的后续变化。第二个目标是确定社会和环境变量以及饮食和体力活动行为的变化是否可以预测24个月内的体重轨迹。第三个目标是开发一个新的模型，解释如何改变对社会经济、环境、饮食和心理社会变量的暴露可以预测体重变化的动态。SOS III将更新和改进我们的建筑环境指标，并使用混合模型框架检查SES和建筑环境对重量轨迹的相对影响。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The role of neighborhoods in the development of obesity has received much research attention. Being able to identify those social and environmental variables that predict healthier weights can assist health promotion at community-level. This competing renewal of the Seattle Obesity Study (SOS) seeks to explain why obesity prevalence was closely linked to individual- and area-based socioeconomic status (SES), whereas 12 mo. weight change was not. The SOS III will recruit a longitudinal cohort of 1,000 adult residents of King, Snohomish, Pierce, and Yakima counties in WA State. The 4 counties are diverse in race/ethnicity, education, incomes, population density, patterns of development, and obesity rates. An address-based sampling scheme, stratified by SES, will yield a population sample that is >40% obese, while assuring geographic diversity. A 20-min Health Behaviors Survey will be administered by phone by Battelle Survey Research Center. Measured heights and weights will be obtained in-person at local sites at baseline, 12, and 24 mo. Participants will complete food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) at baseline, 12, and 24 mo. Prevailing supermarket prices for 384 FFQ foods in each county will be used to estimate individual diet costs at 3 points in time. GIS/GPS methods will track 3- day travel patterns and the time and location of all food events at baseline, 12, and 24 mo. Accelerometers worn over 3-days will track physical activity at baseline, 12, and 24 mo. Two follow-up Health Behaviors Surveys will be administered at 12 and 24 mo in-person visits. An environmental scan of the food environment using Info USA will be performed at baseline, 12mo and 24 mo. The SOS is one of few observational studies that combine longitudinal survey research with geo-localized metrics of environmental exposure, GPS tracking, accelerometers, and nutrition economics. SOS III will explore the impact of these variables on body weight trajectories over 24 mo. The first aim is to determine whether baseline SES and environmental variables predict subsequent changes in energy intakes, diet quality and cost, physical activity, and body weight. The second aim is to determine whether changes in social and environmental variables and in diet and physical activity behaviors can predict body weight trajectories over 24 mo. The third aim is to develop a new model explaining how changing exposure to socio-economic, environmental, dietary, and psychosocial variables can predict the dynamics of weight change. The SOS III will update and refine our metrics of the built environment and examine the relative impact of SES and the built environment on weight trajectories, using a mixed model framework.