The Effect of Food Marketing and Attentional Biases on Eating behaviors in the African American Adolescent Girls

 描述（由申请人提供）：NIMHD战略计划提出重点研究导致少数种族/民族健康差异的潜在因素，例如肥胖。Ruth L. Kirschstein NRSA是一项为期两年的研究和培训计划，重点是揭示导致非裔美国人（AA）青春期女孩肥胖健康差异的环境，认知和行为因素之间的潜在关联。AA青春期女孩的超重/肥胖和相关合并症的发生率远高于其他种族/族裔群体，突出了严重的健康差距。肥胖的AA更有可能在成年后保持肥胖，并产生健康后果，如2型糖尿病和高血压。因此，预防这一群体的超重/肥胖至关重要。然而，预防和干预工作必须考虑影响肥胖风险的多个系统，特别是个人和环境因素。与其他群体相比，AA个体可能更容易受到环境因素的影响，例如食品营销。肥胖的AA青少年可能更容易对食物相关的刺激过度关注（即，注意力偏差（ABs）增加了食品营销的潜在作用。总之，这些因素可能会导致不健康的饮食行为，增加肥胖的风险。在120 AA肥胖（n=60）和非超重（n=60）青春期女孩，拟议的项目将检查食品营销和AB对饮食行为的影响。将使用注意力偏差视觉点探测任务来检查食物提示AB。之后，AA女孩将观看嵌入食品广告或中性/非食品广告的视频剪辑。将使用实验室测试餐评估进食行为。本研究将评估假设，食品营销和AB单独影响AA青春期女孩的食物消费。此外，我们预计观看食品广告并具有高AB的女孩将消耗更多的整体食物。这项研究的结果将阐明环境、认知和行为因素之间的关联，这些因素可能导致AA青春期女孩的肥胖风险。如果成功的话，这个项目可能有助于确定个人和环境的肥胖预防目标，如注意力再培训和限制针对青年的食品营销，分别。数据有可能为重要的监管政策提供科学支持，以鼓励营销与营养指南保持一致，并限制针对青年和种族/族裔少数群体的食品营销。拟议的NRSA将提供概念，技术和专业技能培训，以了解健康差异研究中的社会生态因素，推动营销技术的心理学理论，AB以及传播研究以告知政策的方法。食品营销的创新整合，ABs范式和实验室测试餐将阐明当前的食品环境，食品相关的认知和饮食行为如何相互作用，以促进AA女孩，一个弱势群体的肥胖风险的发展和维持。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The NIMHD Strategic Plan proposes a critical focus on studying underlying factors contributing to health disparities, such as obesity, among racial/ethnic minorities. The proposed Ruth L. Kirschstein NRSA is a two-year program of research and training focused on uncovering the underlying associations among environmental, cognitive, and behavioral factors that contribute to obesity health disparities among African American (AA) adolescent girls. Rates of overweight/obesity and related comorbidities among AA adolescent girls are much higher than rates in other racial/ethnic groups, highlighting a critical health disparity. AAs who are obese are more likely to remain obese through adulthood and develop health consequences, such as type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Therefore, preventing overweight/obesity in this group is critical. Yet, prevention and intervention efforts must account for the multiple systems that influence obesity risk, specifically individual and environmental factors. AA individuals may be more vulnerable to environmental factors, such as food marketing, compared to other groups. Obese AA adolescents may be more prone to over-attention toward food-related stimuli (i.e., attentional biases [ABs]) increasing the potential rol of food marketing. Together, these factors may lead to unhealthy eating behaviors and increase obesity risk. Among 120 AA obese (n=60) and non-overweight (n=60) adolescent girls, the proposed project will examine the effect of food marketing and ABs on eating behaviors. Food cue ABs will be examined using an attention bias visual dot probe task. Afterwards, AA girls will view a video clip embedded with either a food commercial or a neutral/non-food commercial. Eating behavior will be assessed using a laboratory test meal. This study will evaluate the hypotheses that food marketing and ABs individually impact food consumption among AA adolescent girls. Further, we expect that girls who view the food commercial and have high ABs will consume more overall food. Findings from the proposed study will elucidate the associations among environmental, cognitive, and behavioral factors that may contribute to obesity risk in AA adolescent girls. If successful, this project may assist in identifying individual and environmenta targets for obesity prevention, such as attentional retraining and limits on youth-targeted food marketing, respectively. Data have the potential to build scientific support towards important regulatory policies to encourage alignment of marketing with nutritional guidelines and limits on food marketing towards youth and racial/ethnic minorities. The proposed NRSA will provide conceptual, technical, and professional skills training in understanding socio-ecological factors within health disparities research, psychological theories that drive marketing techniques, ABs, and ways to disseminate research to inform policy. The innovative integration of food marketing, an ABs paradigm, and a laboratory test meal will elucidate how the current food environment, food-related cognitions, and eating behaviors interact to contribute to the development and maintenance of obesity risk in AA girls, a vulnerable group.