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Roles of DDX5 and its associated long non-coding RNAs in RORgt-mediated host immune system functions

DDX5及其相关长非编码RNA在RORgt介导的宿主免疫系统功能中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
9010056
负责人：
Dan Littman
金额：
$ 53.63万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-12-01 至 2020-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9010056
关键词：
Adipocytes Adipose tissue Animals Attenuated Autoimmune Diseases Autoimmune Process Autoimmunity Binding Biochemical Bone Growth Bone Marrow Boxing CD8B1 gene Cartilage Cartilage Diseases Cell Differentiation process Cell Lineage Cells Cellular Immunity Chimera organism Chromatin Circadian Rhythms Citrobacter rodentium Colitis Complex Crohn&apos s disease Defect Dependence Dependency Development Disadvantaged Disease Dysplasia Epithelial Evaluation Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Gene Expression Gene Targeting Genes Genetic Transcription Genome Hair Helper-Inducer T-Lymphocyte Hematopoietic Hepatocyte Hereditary Disease Histocompatibility Testing Human Human Genetics Immune Immune system In Vitro Infection Inflammation Inflammatory Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Interleukin-17 Intestines Knock-in Liver Lymphoid Cell Lymphoid Tissue Macromolecular Complexes Mediating Metabolic Modeling Multiple Sclerosis Mus Mutant Strains Mice Mutation Neurons Nuclear Nuclear Receptors Nucleotides Pathogenesis Pathway interactions Patients Protein Isoforms Proteins Proteomics Psoriasis RNA Helicase Recombinant Proteins Regulation Resistance Rheumatoid Arthritis Role Site Staging T cell differentiation T-Lymphocyte Therapeutic Thymocyte Development Tissues Transcription Coactivator Transgenic Organisms Untranslated RNA base cell type conditional mutant cytokine design energy balance genome-wide improved in vitro Assay in vivo insight interest microbiota mutant orphan nuclear receptor ROR-gamma polarized cell programs targeted treatment thymocyte transcription factor transcriptomics

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The nuclear receptor RORγt directs the differentiation of T cells that have critical roles in multiple autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Pharmacologic targeting of RORγt is hence being developed to treat diseases such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease that are thought to be mediated in large part by Th17 cells and related cells that produce IL-17 cytokines. However, RORγt has multiple other functions in diverse cell types, including mediating survival of thymocytes and regulating the development of lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells, that guide the formation of secondary and tertiary lymphoid tissues, and of type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) that protect epithelial barriers. In addition, RORγ, a closely related isoform encoded by the same gene, has metabolic functions in multiple tissues, including liver and adipocytes. How RORγ and RORγt function in different cell types to direct distinct transcriptional and functional programs is not understood. The transcriptional networks regulated by RORγt and multiple other transcription factors have been studied in Th17 cells polarized in vitro with combinations of cytokines, but how RORγ/γt functions in Th17 cells and other cell types in vivo is not yet known. We have used a proteomics approach to characterize macromolecular complexes that govern RORγ/γt functions in different cell types and identified DDX5, a DEAD- box RNA helicase, as associated with RORγt in Th17 cells. In mice deficient for DDX5 in T cells, expression of multiple RORγt target genes is attenuated and the animals are resistant to Th17 cell-mediated inflammatory disease. We also found the long noncoding (lnc) RNA Rmrp associated with DDX5 and with RORγt, both in Th17 cells and when all three components were synthesized in vitro. Mutations in Rmrp result in cartilage-hair hypoplasia (CHH), a recessive human genetic disease characterized by abnormal bone growth, immune deficiency and neuronal dysplasia in the intestine. Expression of wild-type, but not a CHH mutant, Rmrp promoted Th17 cell differentiation in a DDX5-dependent manner, indicating that this is a rare lncRNA that functions in trans. Our results suggest that Rmrp binding to DDX5 promotes the interaction of DDX5 with RORγt and coactivation of RORγt target genes. We propose in Specific Aim 1 to identify gene targets whose expression is dependent on DDX5, Rmrp, and RORγt, using genome-wide transcriptomics, chromatin accessibility, and chromatin occupancy studies with in vitro polarized or in vivo generated Th17 cells from wild type and mutant animals. In Specific Aim 2, we will determine, using biochemical approaches, how these molecules interact with each other and whether this interaction is restricted to Th17 cells or is present in other RORγ/γt-dependent cells. In Specific Aim 3, we will characterize the influence of the interactions in Th17 cell- mediated inflammation, ILC3-dependent barrier protection, and development of thymocytes and lymphoid tissues. Our results will provide a better understanding of the functions of RORγt, which may facilitate design of more specific therapeutics for autoimmune disease and for immune deficiency in CHH patients.

项目总结/文摘