Distinctions between black and white young women in the course of alcohol use

黑人和白人年轻女性在饮酒过程中的区别

• 批准号: 9003019
• 负责人: CAROLYN E SARTOR
• 金额: $ 31.09万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-02-05 至 2019-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9003019
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; African; African American; Age; Alcohol Phenotype; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Cereals; Childhood; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Development; Diagnosis; Early-life trauma; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethanol; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Exposure to; Family; Family Study; Female; Female Adolescents; Gender; Genetic; Goals; Guide prevention; Health; Heavy Drinking; Heterogeneity; Intervention; Investigation; Lead; Marijuana; Meta-Analysis; Missouri; Modeling; Nature; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phenotype; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention program; Psychopathology; Race; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Research Design; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Series; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Staging; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Twin Multiple Birth; Twin Studies; Violence; Woman; alcohol intervention; alcohol involvement; alcohol misuse; alcohol research; alcohol use disorder; alcohol use initiation; contextual factors; design; disorder risk; drinking; early alcohol use; early drinking; experience; externalizing behavior; gender difference; girls; high risk; high risk drinking; improved; insight; interest; longitudinal analysis; marijuana use; parental monitoring; pediatric trauma; psychosocial; racial and ethnic; racial difference; response; trend; young adult; young woman

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The gender gap in alcohol use and problem drinking is closing. The development of effective prevention programs for young women requires an in-depth understanding of the environmental conditions that protect against or elevate liability to risky drinking and the differences between racial/ethnic groups in the relative influences of those factors. This secondary data analysis project builds on the documented differences between African-American (AA) and White young women in the prevalence of alcohol use, alcohol use disorders (AUDs), and risk factors associated with AUDs to examine possible distinctions in transitions through drinking course, with the goal of refining models of alcohol use and misuse in AA girls and young women. The underrepresentation of AA females in large-scale alcohol studies has made investigations of the fine-grain alcohol phenotypes that capture the dynamic nature of alcohol use (e.g., rate of progression from first drink to problem drinking) very challenging. The proposed early stage investigator R01 addresses this gap in alcohol research by analyzing data from three large-scale studies of alcohol use and related psychopathology in young AA and White women (twin, high-risk family and urban adolescent/young adult samples, total n=6,705, 33% AA), each of which collected detailed alcohol use history and information on psychiatric and psychosocial conditions in multiple waves of data collection. The project focuses in particular on the role of two early environmental factors that differ by race: childhood trauma, a potent risk factor for a range of psychiatric conditions, and parental monitoring, an important target of study because of its modifiability. The timing of marijuana use initiation is also examined as a possible modifier of drinking course because of the elevated prevalence of use and initiation of use before alcohol in AA young women. The proposed project is designed to (1) identify distinctions between AA and White young women in the timing of transitions between stages of alcohol use and of initiation of alcohol relative to marijuana use; (2) examine differences by race in factors that contribute to early trauma and parental monitoring as well as the subsequent influence of these early environmental factors on alcohol outcomes; and (3) explore sources of variability in the contribution of early trauma and parental monitoring to the progression of alcohol use (e.g., interaction of early trauma with genetic liability to AUDs). Findings will lead to improvements in assessment of risk and protective factors for early and problem drinking in AA and White young women and guide culturally appropriate prevention efforts.

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精使用和问题饮酒的性别差距正在缩小。为年轻妇女制定有效的预防方案需要深入了解防止危险饮酒或增加危险饮酒责任的环境条件，以及种族/族裔群体之间在这些因素的相对影响方面的差异。 因素这个二级数据分析项目的基础上记录的非洲裔美国人（AA）和白色年轻女性之间的差异，在酒精使用，酒精使用障碍（AUDs）的患病率，并与AUDs相关的风险因素，以检查可能的区别，通过饮酒过程中的过渡，与精炼模型的酒精使用和滥用的AA女孩和年轻女性的目标。在大规模酒精研究中，AA女性的代表性不足，这使得研究人员对细微的酒精表型进行了调查，这些表型捕捉了酒精使用的动态性质（例如，从第一次饮酒到问题饮酒的进展速度）非常具有挑战性。建议的早期研究者R 01通过分析来自三项关于年轻AA和白色女性酒精使用和相关精神病理学的大规模研究的数据，解决了酒精研究中的这一空白（双胞胎、高风险家庭和城市青少年/年轻成人样本，总计n= 6，705，33% AA），每一个都收集了详细的酒精使用史和关于精神和心理社会状况的信息，并进行了多波数据收集。该项目特别关注两个因种族而异的早期环境因素的作用：童年创伤， 一系列精神疾病的潜在风险因素，以及父母的监控，由于其可改变性，成为研究的重要目标。大麻使用开始的时间也被检查作为一个可能的修改器的饮酒过程中，因为使用和开始使用酒精在AA年轻女性的患病率升高。拟议的项目旨在（1）确定AA和白色年轻女性之间的区别，在过渡阶段之间的酒精使用和开始酒精相对于大麻使用的时间;（2）检查种族差异的因素，有助于早期创伤和父母的监督，以及随后的影响，这些早期环境因素对酒精的结果;以及（3）探索早期创伤和父母监控对酒精使用进展的贡献的可变性来源（例如，早期创伤与AUD遗传易感性的相互作用）。研究结果将导致改善的风险和保护因素的评估早期和酗酒问题的AA和白色年轻女性和指导文化上适当的预防工作。