Cultural and Environmental Influences on Precursors to and Early Stages of Alcohol, Nicotine, and Cannabis Use in Black and Latinx Youth

文化和环境对黑人和拉丁裔青少年使用酒精、尼古丁和大麻的前体和早期阶段的影响

• 批准号: 10340618
• 负责人: CAROLYN E SARTOR
• 金额: $ 37.55万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-12-08 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10340618
• 关键词: Accounting; Acculturation; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Beer; Behavior; Black Populations; Black race; Brain; Cannabis; Cognition; Communities; Data; Data Analyses; Deltastab; Development; Electronic cigarette; Environmental Risk Factor; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Etiology; Expectancy; Exposure to; Family; Female; Foundations; Gender; Goals; High Prevalence; Knowledge; Latinx; Latinx population; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Nicotine; Parents; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention program; Prevention strategy; Race; Recording of previous events; Religion and Spirituality; Reporting; Risk; Risk Factors; Site; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Specificity; Subgroup; Survival Analysis; Time; Trauma; Variant; Youth; base; boys; cognitive development; cohort; distilled alcoholic beverage; early adolescence; early onset; eighth grade; ethnic difference; ethnic discrimination; ethnic identity; ethnic minority population; experience; girls; health disparity; high risk; insight; male; marijuana use; marijuana vaping; member; modifiable risk; neighborhood disadvantage; nicotine use; novel; parental monitoring; person centered; population based; prospective; protective factors; racial and ethnic; reduced substance use; substance use; substance use prevention; vaping

Project Summary/Abstract By 8th grade, one in five Black youth and one in four Latinx youth has tried some form of alcohol, nicotine, or cannabis - well after substance use related cognitions (e.g., perceived harm), which impact risk for use - have started to form. Prevention efforts must be grounded in knowledge of how modifiable risk and protective factors that are present prior to early adolescence may vary within (e.g., by gender) and between racial/ethnic groups in their influences on precursors to and early substance use behaviors. Focusing on understudied cultural factors that are especially salient for Black and Latinx youth, such as racial/ethnic discrimination and environmental factors that are highly prevalent in Black and Latinx communities, such as religious involvement, the proposed etiological study will integrate methodological approaches that can address both their unique and collective influences on substance use related cognitions and use from pre- to mid-adolescence. This secondary data analysis project is based on the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (total N=11,878), an ongoing multi-site, population-based longitudinal study of adolescent development. Drawing on data collected at ages 9- 16 from the 10,360 participants (47.8% female) that were identified by their parents as Black (17.2%), Latinx (23.2%), or White (59.6%), we will address three core aims. First, we will use person-centered analyses (mixture modeling) to identify latent profiles (subgroups) of risk and protection based on cultural and environmental factors (e.g., acculturation, parental support) and substance use related cognitions (perceived harm, expectancies, intentions to use) that predate and evolve as a function of substance use. Second, to gain a more nuanced perspective on the early course of substance use, we will apply mixture modeling, survival analysis, and a novel modeling approach integrating the two, to identify possible distinctions between and among Black, Latinx, and White youth in timing of progression through early stages (experimentation, initiation, and - as the cohort ages - regular use), circumstances of use (e.g., how obtained), as well as type/method of use (e.g., beer vs. hard liquor, cannabis vaping vs. edibles). Third, building on this foundation, we will identify cultural and environmental influences that modify the course of substance use in Black and Latinx youth, focusing on common prevention targets, such as ethnic identity and parental monitoring. In addition to extending the models (e.g., incorporating moderators) derived for Aims 1 and 2, we will apply propensity score matching, integrating geocoded neighborhood data, to parse out the unique influence of risk factors, such as trauma, from the conditions that elevate risk for experiencing them. Identifying similarities and distinctions across and considering differences within (e.g., by gender) racial/ethnic groups in the impact of cultural and environmental influences on precursors to and early stages of substance use will contribute to refining etiological models of substance involvement in Black and Latinx youth that can inform prevention and ultimately reduce substance use related health disparities.

项目概要/摘要 到八年级时，五分之一的黑人青少年和四分之一的拉丁裔青少年尝试过某种形式的酒精、尼古丁或 大麻 - 在影响使用风险的物质使用相关认知（例如感知到的伤害）之后很久 - 已经 开始形成。预防工作必须以了解如何改变风险和保护因素为基础 青春期早期之前存在的特征可能在种族/族裔群体内部（例如性别）和种族/族裔群体之间有所不同 它们对物质使用前兆和早期物质使用行为的影响。关注未充分研究的文化因素 对于黑人和拉丁裔青年来说尤其突出，例如种族/民族歧视和环境歧视 黑人和拉丁裔社区中非常普遍的因素，例如宗教参与，拟议的 病因学研究将整合方法论方法，可以解决其独特的和集体的问题 对青春期前至中期物质使用相关认知和使用的影响。这个二手数据 分析项目基于青少年大脑认知发展研究（总数 N=11,878），这是一项正在进行的研究 多地点、基于人群的青少年发展纵向研究。利用 9 岁时收集的数据 10,360 名参与者（47.8% 女性）中的 16 人被父母认定为黑人（17.2%）、拉丁裔 （23.2%）或白色（59.6%），我们将实现三个核心目标。首先，我们将使用以人为中心的分析（混合 建模）以根据文化和环境因素识别风险和保护的潜在概况（子组） （例如，文化适应、父母支持）和与药物使用相关的认知（感知到的伤害、期望、 使用意图）早于物质使用并随着物质使用而演变。其次，要获得更细致的 从物质使用的早期过程的角度来看，我们将应用混合模型、生存分析和一种新颖的方法 整合两者的建模方法，以确定黑人、拉丁裔和黑人之间可能的区别 白人青年在早期阶段的进展时间（实验、启动，以及——随着队列年龄的增长—— 经常使用）、使用环境（例如如何获得）以及使用类型/方法（例如啤酒与烈性酒、 大麻电子烟与食品）。第三，在此基础上，我们将确定文化和环境 改变黑人和拉丁裔青少年物质使用过程的影响，重点是共同预防 目标，例如种族认同和家长监督。除了扩展模型（例如，合并 主持人）针对目标 1 和 2 派生，我们将应用倾向得分匹配，集成地理编码 邻里数据，从以下条件中解析出风险因素（例如创伤）的独特影响 增加经历它们的风险。识别之间的相似点和区别并考虑差异 在种族/族裔群体内（例如，按性别）文化和环境对前体的影响 物质使用的早期阶段将有助于完善物质参与的病因学模型 黑人和拉丁裔青年可以为预防提供信息并最终减少与药物使用相关的健康差异。