Impact of retroviral infection on non-classical, mycobacteria-specific T cells.

项目摘要 目前有3 000多万人感染艾滋病毒，每年有200多万人死于艾滋病。 这些数字与感染结核病的人数相比相形见绌。约 目前，世界上三分之二的人口感染了结核病细菌， 其中10%的人发展为活动性结核病。同时感染艾滋病毒和结核病的人最多可达31 患结核病的可能性是单纯结核病患者的两倍。因此，有一种内在的需要， 了解艾滋病毒如何影响对结核病的免疫反应，以及是否可以设计干预措施， 预防合并感染者的结核病。我们最近发现了两个独特的非- 恒河猴中的经典CD8 + T细胞，我们认为它们是抗分枝杆菌免疫的关键参与者： 粘膜相关不变T细胞（MAIT）和MHC-E限制性CD8 + T细胞。因此， 我们的建议是描述卡介苗接种后这些独特的T细胞的特征，并了解SIV感染是如何发生的。 影响它们的解剖分布和功能。

Project Summary Over 30 million people are currently infected with HIV, and over 2 million people die from AIDS each year. These numbers are dwarfed only by the number of individuals infected with tuberculosis (TB). Approximately two-thirds of the world's population is currently infected with the bacterium that causes TB, and approximately 10% of those individuals develop active TB. Individuals who are infected with both HIV and TB are up to 31 times more likely to develop tuberculosis than those with TB alone. Thus, there is an inherent need to understand how HIV affects the immune response to TB and whether an intervention can be designed to prevent tuberculosis in co-infected individuals. We have recently identified two unique populations of non- classical CD8+ T cells in rhesus macaques that we believe are critical players in anti-mycobacterial immunity: mucosal associated invariant T cells (MAITs), and MHC-E restricted CD8+ T cells. Thus, the goal of this proposal is to characterize these unique T cells following BCG vaccination and understand how SIV infection impacts their anatomical distribution and function.