Assessing Personal Exposure to Ultrafine PM Number and Respiratory Health

评估个人接触超细颗粒物的情况和呼吸系统健康

• 批准号: 9024533
• 负责人: Patrick H Ryan
• 金额: $ 19.27万
• 依托单位: CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-03-01 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9024533
• 关键词: 15 year old; Activities of Daily Living; Address; Adolescent; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Asthma; Bicycling; Birth; Caliber; Chest; Child; Childhood; Cohort Studies; Collaborations; Data; Data Collection; Development; Devices; Enrollment; Ensure; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiologist; Epidemiology; Exercise; Exposure to; Feedback; Generations; Goals; Health; Home environment; Hour; Human; Hypersensitivity; Laboratories; Measurable; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; Modification; Noise; Parents; Participant; Particulate Matter; Pattern; Performance; Phase; Pilot Projects; Positioning Attribute; Preparation; Process; Research; Resolution; Respiratory physiology; Running; Sampling; Schools; Seasons; Smoking; Technology; Time; Ultrafine; Walking; Weight; arm; base; cohort; cooking; demographics; field study; improved; indoor exposure; land use; meetings; novel; particle; particle exposure; pulmonary function; respiratory health; sensor; spatiotemporal; tool; trafficking; ultrafine particle; usability

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Accurately measuring personal exposure to air pollutants remains the greatest obstacle to determining their impact on human health. The need for more precise exposure assessment is particularly evident for children and adolescents whose exposure can vary widely based on their time-activity patterns including time spent outdoors, at home, school, and in vehicles. In order to meet the need of epidemiologists to characterize personal exposure, we have developed and validated in laboratory settings a novel personal sensor capable of measuring, with high spatiotemporal resolution, exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP). Results of an initial field test found the sensor to be mobile, rugged, and able t provide accurate spatiotemporal measurements of personal UFP exposure. Feedback from children participating in the initial field test indicated that barriers to its use included its voume, weight, and noise. Therefore, we now propose a two-phase project to: 1) evaluate the usability of the sensor after reducing its size, weight, and noise while maintaining its previous measurement capabilities (R21 Phase) and 2) deploy the modified sensor to characterize personal UFP exposure for adolescents enrolled in the Cincinnati Childhood Allergy and Air Pollution Study (CCAAPS) and assess the impact of short-term and peak UFP exposure on respiratory health (R33 Phase). The proposed study represents a continued collaboration between tool-developers and environmental epidemiologists and will allow for the iterative refinement of a personal sensor for UFP exposure. In addition, the application of the sensor in a large-scale epidemiologic study during the R33 phase will address a significant research question regarding the association between short-term and peak UFP exposure and respiratory health. Successful completion of the proposed project will result in a new tool for measuring personal UFP exposure in real world settings and demonstrate the value of the sensor to address novel hypotheses through improved exposure assessment.

描述（由申请人提供）：准确测量个人暴露于空气污染物仍然是确定其对人类健康影响的最大障碍。对于儿童和青少年来说，更精确的暴露评估的必要性尤其明显，因为他们的暴露可能会因时间-活动模式（包括在户外、家中、学校和车辆中度过的时间）而有很大差异。为了满足流行病学家的需要，以表征个人暴露，我们已经开发和验证了在实验室环境中的一种新型的个人传感器能够测量，具有高时空分辨率，暴露于超细颗粒（UFP）。初步现场测试的结果发现，传感器是移动的，坚固耐用，并能够提供准确的时空测量个人UFP暴露。参与最初现场测试的儿童的反馈表明，其使用的障碍包括其体积，重量和噪音。因此，我们建议分两个阶段进行：1）评估传感器在减小其尺寸、重量后的可用性，同时保持其先前的测量能力（R21阶段）和2）部署改进的传感器，以表征参加辛辛那提儿童过敏和空气污染研究（CCAAPS）的青少年的个人UFP暴露，并评估短期UFP暴露的影响。长期和峰值UFP暴露对呼吸系统健康的影响（R33阶段）。这项拟议的研究代表了工具开发人员和环境流行病学家之间的持续合作，并将允许对UFP暴露的个人传感器进行迭代改进。此外，传感器在R33阶段的大规模流行病学研究中的应用将解决一个重要的研究问题，即短期和峰值UFP暴露与呼吸系统健康之间的关系。成功完成拟议的项目将产生一个新的工具，用于测量个人在真实的世界环境中的UFP暴露，并证明传感器的价值，以解决新的假设，通过改进的暴露评估。