Neurobehavioral and Neuroimaging Effects of Traffic Exposure in Children

交通暴露对儿童的神经行为和神经影像学影响

• 批准号: 8295885
• 负责人: Patrick H Ryan
• 金额: $ 66.79万
• 依托单位: CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-01 至 2017-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8295885
• 关键词: Address; Age; Air Pollution; Allergic Disease; Anatomy; Architecture; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Birth; Blood - brain barrier anatomy; Brain; Carbon; Cardiopulmonary; Caregivers; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Cognition; Cohort Studies; Complex Mixtures; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Emotions; Enrollment; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Epidemiologic Studies; Evaluation; Exposure to; Extrinsic asthma; Family; Fetus; Functional disorder; Future; Health; Home environment; Hypersensitivity; Image Analysis; Immunologics; Infant; Inflammation; Intelligence; Knowledge; Language; Lead; Learning Disabilities; Link; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Memory; Metabolic; Metals; Modeling; Motor; Myelin; Neuraxis; Neurotoxins; Organ; Outcome; Particulate Matter; Physiological; Physiology; Positioning Attribute; Psychosocial Factor; Public Health; Questionnaires; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Respiratory System; Risk Factors; Schools; Series; Staging; Structure; Testing; Time; Tobacco smoke; Toxic Environmental Substances; Ultrafine; air monitoring; cofactor; cognitive function; cohort; critical period; data modeling; disability; early childhood; executive function; exhaust; gray matter; infancy; innovation; interest; neural circuit; neurobehavior; neurobehavioral; neurochemistry; neurodevelopment; neuroimaging; neuroinflammation; neurotoxic; neurotoxicity; novel; particle; prospective; rapid growth; trafficking; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed study will address the hypothesis that exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) during critical periods of brain development is significantly associated with altered neurobehavior including deficits in cognition, attention, memory, executive function, global intelligence, neuromotor function, behavioral regulation, and altered brain anatomy and physiology. Exposure to environmental neurotoxicants prenatally and during early childhood has been associated with neurobehavioral deficits and altered brain structure. Recent toxicological evidence suggests that TRAP, a complex mixture of metals, elemental and organic carbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and fine and ultrafine particulate matter, is capable of inducing neuroinflammation and translocation across the blood-brain barrier resulting in direct exposure to the brain. The aims of this study are to determine if children exposed to increased levels of TRAP during early stages of brain development have neurobehavioral deficits in childhood and to assess the physiologic impact of TRAP exposure on brain structure, organization, and function. The Cincinnati Childhood Allergy and Air Pollution Study (CCAAPS), a prospective cohort study, provides an extraordinary opportunity to accomplish these aims. The CCAAPS cohort was recruited to examine the association between traffic exhaust and the development of allergic disease and asthma. Children enrolled in CCAAPS must have resided either less than 400 m or greater than 1500 m from a major highway at the time of their birth. TRAP exposure during early childhood has been characterized using ambient air monitoring and spatial models. Clinical health assessments, biomarkers, health questionnaires, and addresses of all home, daycare, and school locations have been collected at ages 1-4 and 7. The proposed study is innovative as it exploits all of the collected health, air monitoring, and modeling data and extends the focus of the CCAAPS cohort to examine the impact of early childhood TRAP exposure on neurobehavior and neuroimaging outcomes. A carefully selected battery of valid and reliable tests will be administered at age 11-12 to assess neurobehavioral development. Another unique aspect is the proposed nested study of children with high and low exposure to TRAP during early childhood to assess the physiologic impact of TRAP on the developing brain using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The anticipated results will address a significant gap in scientific knowledge of the potential neurotoxicity of a ubiquitous environmental exposure with far-reaching consequences for future studies and public health. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The association between exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) during early childhood and neurobehavioral and neuroimaging outcomes has not been thoroughly examined. The objective of the proposed study is to determine if children exposed to increased levels of TRAP during critical time periods of brain development have altered neurobehavior in childhood as measured by a battery of valid and reliable tests and to assess the physiologic impact of TRAP exposure on brain structure, organization, and function using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These results will fill important gaps in current scientific knowledge related to the relationship between TRAP exposure and neurobehavior and central nervous system effects.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究将解决这样的假设：在大脑发育的关键时期暴露于交通相关的空气污染（TRAP）与神经行为的改变显着相关，包括认知、注意力、记忆、执行功能、整体智力、神经运动功能、行为调节以及大脑解剖和生理学的缺陷。产前和儿童早期接触环境神经毒物与神经行为缺陷和大脑结构改变有关。最近的毒理学证据表明，TRAP 是金属、元素碳和有机碳、多环芳烃以及细颗粒物和超细颗粒物的复杂混合物，能够诱发神经炎症并穿过血脑屏障易位，导致直接暴露于大脑。本研究的目的是确定是否 在大脑发育早期阶段暴露于较高水平的 TRAP 的儿童在儿童时期会出现神经行为缺陷，并评估 TRAP 暴露对大脑结构、组织和功能的生理影响。辛辛那提儿童过敏和空气污染研究 (CCAAPS) 是一项前瞻性队列研究，为实现这些目标提供了绝佳的机会。 CCAAPS 队列的目的是研究交通尾气与过敏性疾病和哮喘发展之间的关系。参加 CCAAPS 的儿童出生时居住地必须距离主要高速公路小于 400 m 或大于 1500 m。使用环境空气监测和空间模型来描述幼儿时期 TRAP 暴露的特征。收集了 1-4 岁和 7 岁儿童的临床健康评估、生物标志物、健康问卷以及所有家庭、日托和学校地点的地址。拟议的研究具有创新性，因为它利用了所有收集到的健康、空气监测和建模数据，并将 CCAAPS 队列的重点扩展到检查幼儿 TRAP 暴露对神经行为和神经影像结果的影响。我们将在 11 至 12 岁时进行一系列精心挑选的有效且可靠的测试，以评估神经行为发育。另一个独特的方面是拟议的嵌套研究，对儿童早期接触 TRAP 的程度较高和较低的儿童进行，以使用定量磁共振成像 (MRI) 评估 TRAP 对发育中的大脑的生理影响。预期的结果将弥补关于普遍存在的环境暴露的潜在神经毒性的科学知识上的重大差距，对未来的研究和公共卫生产生深远的影响。 公共卫生相关性：幼儿期接触交通相关空气污染 (TRAP) 与神经行为和神经影像结果之间的关联尚未得到彻底研究。拟议研究的目的是确定在大脑发育关键时期暴露于较高水平的 TRAP 的儿童是否改变了儿童时期的神经行为（通过一系列有效且可靠的测试来测量），并使用定量磁共振成像 (MRI) 评估 TRAP 暴露对大脑结构、组织和功能的生理影响。这些结果将填补当前有关 TRAP 暴露与神经行为和中枢神经系统影响之间关系的科学知识的重要空白。