Portable Nanostructured Photonic Crystal Device for HIV-1 Viral Load

 (申请人提供：艾滋病毒/艾滋病大流行对全球产生了毁灭性的影响，导致全球3000多万人感染艾滋病毒-1,2500多万人死亡。此外，据估计，每年有超过45万名婴儿通过母婴传播感染。虽然抗逆转录病毒疗法(ART)在挽救生命和减少母婴传播方面是有效的，但由于缺乏简单、廉价和快速的近患者治疗监测工具，发展中国家符合治疗条件的患者中ART的覆盖率仅为约67%。为了解决未得到满足的需求，我们建议开发一种HIV-1病毒载量监测微流控平台技术，开发一种灵敏的光子晶体传感技术。这项技术检测和量化由于体积折射率的变化而将生物靶标(例如HIV-1病毒颗粒)结合到光学传感表面上的情况。由此产生的峰值波长值的移动与生物样品中生物目标的浓度有关。这项以技术为导向的建议满足了全球的重大临床需求，旨在提供一种便携式光子晶体设备，该设备可以(I)选择性地从全血中捕获艾滋病毒-1，(Ii)在临床截止范围内(误差范围为±10%)敏感，廉价(1美元)，快速(30分钟内)，以及(Iii)处理指刺全血(高达100微米L)，以帮助在资源有限的情况下对艾滋病毒患者进行护理和治疗。这种基于光子晶体的HIV-1病毒载量监测微芯片的交付可以极大地促进ART在发展中国家的扩展，实现普遍获得ART以控制艾滋病流行。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant: The HIV/AIDS pandemic has had a devastating global impact causing more than 30 million HIV-1 infections and over 25 million deaths worldwide. In addition, it is estimated that annually over 450,000 infants are infected through mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) is effective to save lives and reduce MTCT, the coverage of ART in treatment-eligible patients in developing countries is only approximately 67% due to the lack of simple, inexpensive and rapid near-patient treatment monitoring tools. To address the unmet need, we propose to develop an HIV-1 viral load monitoring microfluidic platform technology development of a sensitive photonic crystal sensing technology. This technology detects and quantifies the binding of biotargets (e.g., HIV-1 virus particles) to an optical sensing surface due to the change of bulk index of refraction. The resulted shift in the peak wavelength value correlates with the concentration of biotargets in a biological sample. This technology- driven proposal addresses a significant global clinical need and aims to deliver a portable photonic crystal device that can (i) selectively capture HIV-1 from whole blood, (ii) be sensitive within the clinical cut-off (with ±10% error range), inexpensive (<$1), rapid (within 30 minutes), and (iii) handle fingerprick whole blood (up to 100 µL) to aid i HIV patient care and treatment in resource-constrained settings. The delivery of this photonic crystal-based HIV-1 viral load monitoring microchips can significantly facilitate the expansion of ART in developing countries, achieving universal access to ART to control the AIDS pandemic.