Effects of auditory nerve degeneration on midbrain coding and perception in noise

听神经变性对中脑编码和噪声感知的影响

• 批准号: 9306240
• 负责人: Kenneth Stuart Henry
• 金额: $ 24.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9306240
• 关键词: Acoustic Nerve; Acoustics; Affect; Animals; Auditory; Auditory system; Behavioral; Birds; Birth; Brain Stem; Cell Nucleus; Cells; Code; Communication; Communities; Complex; Data; Detection; Development; Diffuse; Discrimination; Ear; Environment; Equilibrium; Exposure to; Faculty; Fiber; Frequencies; Goals; Hair Cells; Health; Hearing; Human; Impairment; Individual; Institution; Kainic Acid; Knowledge; Left; Mammals; Masks; Measurement; Measures; Melopsittacus; Mentors; Midbrain structure; Modeling; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Fibers; Neurons; Neurosciences; Noise; Operant Conditioning; Perception; Performance; Phase; Physiological; Play; Process; Property; Psychoacoustics; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Role; Sensory Hair; Signal Transduction; Speech; Speech Intelligibility; Speech Perception; Stimulus; System; Testing; Time; Training; Universities; Work; awake; base; behavior test; career development; cell injury; cell type; falls; hearing impairment; insight; neurophysiology; new technology; normal aging; relating to nervous system; research study; response; skills; sound; treatment strategy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent studies show that auditory-nerve degeneration is associated with both normal aging and noise-induced "temporary" hearing loss. Though auditory-nerve degeneration in older listeners and individuals with a history of noise overexposure may contribute to perceptual difficulties in these groups, this hypothesis is currently unexplored. Individuals in these groups commonly report great difficulty understanding speech under real- world listening conditions. The proposed research will test the hypothesis that auditory-nerve degeneration causes adverse changes in central processing that ultimately degrade perception of complex signals in background noise. Parallel neurophysiological recordings from the auditory mid-brain and behavioral experiments involving complex stimuli in background noise will be conducted in the budgerigar because this avian species has human-like perceptual capabilities. Acoustic stimuli will include speech tokens and natural budgerigar calls. The K99 mentored research will use parallel neurophysiological and behavioral approaches to identify functional cell classes in the mid-brain that contribute to robust perceptual abilities in normal-hearing animals. Having advanced our knowledge of normal-hearing perception, the R00 independent research will quantify changes in mid-brain coding and perception in noise with auditory-nerve degeneration. Auditory-nerve degeneration will be induced with kainic acid based on previous results showing that this agent selectively damages nerve fibers while leaving cochlear hair cells intact. The results of this research are expected to have high impact because they will quantify, possibly for the first time, the perceptual consequences of auditory-nerve degeneration under real-world listening conditions. Furthermore, the parallel physiological and behavioral data provided by this work are expected to provide unique insight into the physiological changes underlying perceptual difficulties. Ultimately, this knowledge can help guide new technologies and treatment strategies aimed at restoring performance in people with speech perception problems in noise. The K99 mentored phase of the proposed research will aid in the candidate's career development by expanding his previous neurophysiological training in auditory-nerve fiber recordings into the central auditory system. Furthermore, the candidate will gain valuable new skills in animal psychoacoustics. The University of Rochester is an excellent environment for the K99 research because this institution has an active systems neuroscience community including the Sponsor and other key faculty. The new combination of skills provided by this work will allow the candidate to achieve his goal of using parallel physiological and behavioral approaches to help pinpoint the physiological changes underlying human communication problems.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近的研究表明，听觉神经退化与正常衰老和噪声引起的“暂时性”听力损失有关。虽然老年听众和有噪声过度暴露史的个体的听觉神经退化可能会导致这些群体的感知困难，但这一假设目前尚未被探索。这些群体中的个体通常报告在真实的听力条件下理解语音有很大困难。这项拟议中的研究将测试一个假设，即神经退行性变会导致中枢处理的不利变化，最终降低对背景噪声中复杂信号的感知。平行的神经生理学记录从听觉中脑和行为实验涉及复杂的刺激在背景噪声中将进行虎皮鹦鹉，因为这种鸟类物种具有类似人类的感知能力。声音刺激将包括语音令牌和自然虎皮鹦鹉呼叫。K99指导的研究将使用并行的神经生理学和行为方法来识别中脑中有助于正常听力动物强大感知能力的功能细胞类别。在提高了我们对正常听觉感知的认识之后，R00独立研究将量化中脑编码和噪音感知的变化与神经退行性变。基于先前的结果，将用红藻氨酸诱导听觉神经变性，所述结果表明，该药剂选择性地损伤神经纤维，同时使耳蜗毛细胞保持完整。这项研究的结果预计将 具有很高的影响力，因为他们将量化，可能是第一次，在现实世界的听力条件下，听觉神经退化的感知后果。此外，这项工作提供的并行生理和行为数据有望提供独特的洞察生理变化的感知困难。最终，这些知识可以帮助指导新技术和治疗策略，旨在恢复噪声中有言语感知问题的人的表现。拟议研究的K99指导阶段将通过将候选人先前在神经纤维记录方面的神经生理学训练扩展到中枢听觉系统来帮助候选人的职业发展。此外，候选人将获得动物心理声学方面的宝贵新技能。罗切斯特大学是K99研究的绝佳环境，因为该机构拥有活跃的系统神经科学社区，包括申办者和其他关键教师。这项工作提供的新技能组合将使候选人能够实现他的目标，即使用并行的生理和行为方法来帮助确定人类沟通问题背后的生理变化。