Linking Brain and Behavior in Chronic Tic Disorders

摘要 先兆冲动和抽动抑制背后的神经回路尤其重要，因为 自愿抽动控制在改善生活质量和增强经验性支持的有效性中的作用 习惯逆转训练(HRT)等行为疗法治疗慢性抽动障碍 (CTDS)，包括Tourette综合征患者。尽管建立了研究基地，但病原学和 CTD的病理生理学仍然知之甚少，现有的发现因样本量小而混乱， 由于广泛的年龄范围、药物使用和不受控制的精神疾病共病而造成的发育影响。在……里面 在目前的项目中，我们建议将一种创新的方法(移动大脑/身体成像[Mobi]应用于 CTDS先兆冲动和抽动抑制的神经底物特征。摩拜 该方法涉及同时录制和集成高清晰度运动捕获视频、皮质 活动(脑电；脑电)和肌肉运动(肌电；肌电)。使用此引线 边缘技术将促进我们对抑制冲动的神经底物的理解，并可能 允许识别先兆冲动和抽动抑制的假定生物标志物。目前的研究 建议使用Mobi方法对175名8-12岁的儿童、125名患有CTDS的儿童和50名儿童进行抽样 年龄匹配的健康对照(HC)同龄人。我们将使用几种范例来模拟神经基质。 潜在的自愿和非自愿运动，并测试CTD是否涉及数量或质量 电机网络电路相对于HC同级电路的偏差。成功地将Mobi方法应用于 发现和测试CTD的基于大脑的生物标记物的问题在以下背景下具有很高的创新性 目前的研究，也有明显的潜力推进临床CTD的研究和实践。

Abstract The neural circuitry underlying premonitory urge and tic suppression is particularly important given the role of voluntary tic control in improved quality of life and enhanced effectiveness of empirically supported behavioral treatments such as Habit Reversal Training (HRT) for individuals with Chronic Tic Disorders (CTDs), including those with Tourette's Syndrome. Despite a building research base, the etiology and pathophysiology of CTDs remain poorly understood, with existing findings confounded by small sample sizes, developmental effects due to wide age range, medication usage, and uncontrolled psychiatric comorbidity. In the current project, we propose to apply an innovative approach (mobile brain/body imaging [MoBI] to characterizing the neural substrates underlying premonitory urge and tic suppression in CTDs. The MoBI approach involves the simultaneous recording and integration of high-definition motion capture video, cortical activity (electroencephalography; EEG) and muscle movements (electromyography; EMG). Use of this leading edge technology will advance our understanding of the neural substrates underlying urge suppression and may allow identification of putative biomarkers for premonitory urge and tic suppression. The current study proposes to use the MoBI approach on a sample of 175 children aged 8-12 years old, 125 with CTDs and 50 age-matched healthy control (HC) peers. We will use several paradigms to model the neural substrates underlying voluntary and involuntary movements and test whether CTDs involve quantitative or qualitative deviation in motor network circuitry relative to HC peers. Successful application of the MoBI approach to the problem of discovering and testing brain-based biomarkers for CTD is highly innovative in the context of current research, and also has clear potential for advancing clinical CTD research and practice.