Characterization of catalysts by temperature programmed methods

通过程序升温方法表征催化剂

• 批准号: 346098-2007
• 负责人: Smith, Kevin
• 金额: $ 8.7万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments - Category 1 (<$150,000)
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2006-01-01 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=325672
• 关键词: Characterization; catalysts; temperature; programmed; methods

Many important chemical processes and technologies rely on the interaction between reactants, products (in the gas or liquid phase) and a (solid) catalyst surface to enhance the rate of a desired chemical reaction.  Examples include fuel cells, NOx abatement and the removal of nitrogen and sulfur from Canadian heavy oil. Understanding the gas-solid or liquid-solid interaction is important in most all studies of catalysis. As well, the adsorption and reaction between the gas and solid is of interest in many non-catalytic, gas-solid reactions.   Measuring adsorption between adsorbate molecules and a solid can be done in a number of different ways.  Temperature-programmed (TP) adsorption methods measure the gas-solid interaction dynamically as the temperature is increased at a known rate, in the presence of the gas of interest.  Information about the adsorption or desorption kinetics of the gas, the thermodynamics of the adsorption process and the kinetics of any chemical reaction that may occur, can be obtained using TP methods.  Furthermore, TP methods can be configured to titrate the active sites of a catalyst. The versatility of TP methods makes them widely applicable for characterizing important interactions in catalysis and gas-solid reactions.   The present proposal requests funds to purchase a TP adsorption analyzer.  The unit will be used by a group of 6 principal investigators whose research is focused on thermochemical catalysis, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis and gas-solid reactions, with applications in fuel-cell development, development of catalysts for improved environmental technologies including air treatment, NOx abatement and S and N removal from fuels, and in CO2 capture by gas-solid reaction.  The equipment is essential for this group of researchers to address important issues in Canada's energy sector through new technology development, emission control and greenhouse gas (CO2) reduction.

许多重要的化学过程和技术依赖于反应物、产物(在气相或液体中)和(固体)催化剂表面之间的相互作用来提高所需化学反应的速度。例如，燃料电池、NOx减排以及从加拿大重油中脱除氮和硫。了解气-固或液-固相互作用在大多数催化研究中都是重要的。此外，在许多非催化的气固反应中，气体和固体之间的吸附和反应也是令人感兴趣的。测量被吸附分子和固体之间的吸附可以通过许多不同的方法来完成。在感兴趣的气体存在的情况下，当温度以已知的速率升高时，程序升温(TP)吸附方法动态地测量气固相互作用。有关气体的吸附或脱附动力学、吸附过程的热力学以及可能发生的任何化学反应的信息，可以使用程序升温(TP)方法来获得。此外，可以配置TP方法来滴定催化剂的活性中心。TP方法的多功能性使其广泛适用于表征催化和气固反应中的重要相互作用。本提案要求提供资金购买TP吸附分析仪。该装置将由6名主要研究人员使用，他们的研究重点是热化学催化、光催化、电催化和气固反应，应用于燃料电池开发、为改善环境技术而开发的催化剂的开发，包括空气处理、NOx减排和燃料中的S和脱氮，以及气固反应捕获二氧化碳。该设备对于这组研究人员通过新技术开发解决加拿大能源领域的重要问题至关重要。控制排放和减少温室气体(CO2)排放。