Cardiorespiratory effects of ultrafine particles

超细颗粒对心肺的影响

• 批准号: nhmrc : 334098
• 负责人: Prof Michael Abramson
• 金额: $ 31.29万
• 依托单位: Monash University
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: NHMRC Project Grants
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2005-01-01 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://researchdata.edu.au/cardiorespiratory-effects-ultrafine-particles/100597
• 关键词: Cardiorespiratory; effects; ultrafine; particles

Very high levels of air pollution kill people. Although air quality is quite good in most Australian cities, the levels of particles are still too high. There are many sources of particles in the air including diesel vehicles and wood fires. There is a National Environment Protection Measure for particles less than 10 thousandths of a millimetre in diameter. However some recent overseas studies have suggested that tiny particles less than 0.1 thousandths of a millimetre might have the greatest effects on the heart and lungs. We will conduct the first Australian study of the health effects of these tiny particles. Particle counts will be measured in Melbourne by CSIRO using state of the art equipment. Two groups of older subjects will be recruited: patients with chronic lung diseases such as emphysema and patients with heart disease. They will perform regular breathing tests and-or have the electrical activity of their hearts recorded. The recordings will be analysed to detect small variations in heart rate. If we find relationships between particle counts and lung function or heart rate variability, this will provide new evidence of the health effects of air pollution. When the NEPMs are revised, new measures may be required for tiny particles. Particle counts can then be reduced by measures such as better controlling diesel exhaust and more efficient wood stoves.

严重的空气污染会使人死亡。虽然澳大利亚大部分城市的空气质量都很好，但颗粒物含量仍然过高。空气中的颗粒物有很多来源，包括柴油车和木材火灾。对直径小于千分之十毫米的颗粒有一项国家环境保护措施。不过，最近一些海外研究显示，小于千分之零点一毫米的细小粒子，可能对心脏和肺部的影响最大。我们将进行澳大利亚第一项关于这些微小颗粒对健康影响的研究。微粒计数将由CSIRO在墨尔本使用最先进的设备进行测量。将招募两组老年受试者：慢性肺部疾病（如肺气肿）患者和心脏病患者。他们将进行定期的呼吸测试，或者记录他们心脏的电活动。将对记录进行分析，以检测心率的微小变化。如果我们发现颗粒物计数与肺功能或心率变异性之间的关系，这将为空气污染对健康的影响提供新的证据。当修订国家环境政策措施时，可能需要对微小颗粒采取新的措施。然后可以通过更好地控制柴油机废气和更高效的木材炉灶等措施来减少颗粒物数量。