Plasticity in fish cardiorespiratory function and metabolism

在所有脊椎动物中，心肺系统（肺/鳃，心脏，血液，血管）对生存至关重要，因为它确保向组织提供足够的氧气和营养，并清除二氧化碳和其他代谢废物。然而，我们远未完全理解生活方式、活动水平和身体形态/形状如何相互作用以确定心肺设计和生理学，或心肺系统应对环境或其他挑战的能力。拟议的研究计划将提供一个全面的和综合的（从整个动物细胞）鱼类心肺生理学的许多方面，以及鱼类的能力，以处理2个非常重要的环境因素（温度和缺氧）的观点。特别新奇的是，将鱼类发育的各个方面纳入代谢抑制的研究，细胞/线粒体耗氧量的划分，缺氧和耐热性。鉴于幼鱼有独特的生理和生态，非常有限的能量能力，以及与成鱼不同的选择压力，这是一个死亡率最高的“关键”发展时期也就不足为奇了。这项拟议中的研究将使我们能够预测环境变化如何影响北大西洋鱼类种群的幼虫，从而提高我们管理海洋物种的能力，以实现可持续捕捞和保护目的。此外，它将提供全面的数据生理学的cunner（Taautogolabrus apersus）。这是一种生活在北大西洋沿着岩石和码头桩柱之间的鱼种，因此，正在考虑将其作为监测哨种，以评估与人类有关的环境影响或损害。这项研究将提供重要的生理信息，将提供一个框架，在这一领域的未来工作。

In all vertebrates, the cardiorespiratory system (lungs/gills, heart, blood, blood vessels) is critical to survival because it ensures adequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to the tissues, and removes carbon dioxide and other metabolic wastes. However, we are far from completely understanding how life-style, activity level and body form/shape interact to determine cardiorespiratory design and physiology, or the capacity of the cardiorespiratory system to deal with environmental or other challenges. The proposed research program will provide a comprehensive and integrative (from whole animal to cellular) view of numerous aspects of fish cardiorespiratory physiology, and of the fish's capacity to deal with 2 very important environmental factors (temperature, and hypoxia). Of particular novelty, is the incorporation of aspects of fish development into investigations of metabolic depression, the partitioning of cellular/mitochondrial oxygen consumption, and hypoxia and thermal tolerance. Given that larval fish have a unique physiology and ecology, very limited energetic capacity, and different selection pressures than adult fish, it is not surprising that this is a 'critical' period of development where mortality is highest. The proposed research will allow us to predict how environmental change influences the larvae of North Atlantic fish populations, and thus improve our ability to manage marine species for sustainable harvesting and conservation purposes. Further, it will provide comprehensive data on the physiology of the cunner (Tautogolabrus apersus). This is a fish species that lives along the North Atlantic coastline, among rocks and dock pilings etc. As such, it is being considered for monitoring as a sentinel species for assessing human-related environmental impact or damage. This study will supply important physiological information that will provide a framework for future work in this area.