Pedigree reconstruction , mating systems, reproductive success and quantitative genetics of natural populations

谱系重建、交配系统、繁殖成功率和自然种群的数量遗传学

• 批准号: 238616-2006
• 负责人: Herbinger, Christophe
• 金额: $ 1.13万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=362570
• 关键词: Pedigree; reconstruction; mating; systems; reproductive

In recent years, there has been considerable interest in the possibility of using molecular information to infer genealogical (pedigree) relationships among individuals in natural populations or in cultivated populations where this pedigree information is lacking. When parental DNA profiles are available, this is easy. When parental data are not available, the problem of explicit pedigree reconstruction is considerably more complex and computer intensive approaches have to be used. The broad objectives of the proposed program are to further improve and broaden the computer programs that have been developed over the last few years for pedigree reconstruction, so that the research community can have access to powerful and user-friendly tools to study the distribution of relatedness and estimate key genetic parameters in natural and semi natural populations where this has been extremely difficult so far. This research will also use these approaches in two key model natural systems, two salmon populations experiencing severe decline and on the verge of disappearance and an aquatic invasive species that is spreading on Canada's Atlantic coast. This work will generate new findings in the study of mating systems, reproductive success, and spatio-temporal distribution of relatedness in the two endangered salmon populations. This will cast light on several crucial aspects of the evolution and conservation of small populations, such as the possible role of inbreeding in extinction and the genetic consequences of captive breeding programs. At the other end of the spectrum of biodiversity concerns, this program will result in new findings on the genetic dimension associated at several spatial scales with the explosive growth of an aquatic invasive species, and could help predict the dispersal and growth of tunicates "hot spots" populations on Canada's Atlantic coast.

近年来，人们对利用分子信息来推断自然群体或缺乏系谱信息的栽培群体中个体之间的系谱（系谱）关系的可能性产生了相当大的兴趣。当父母的DNA图谱可用时，这很容易。当父母的数据是不可用的，明确的谱系重建的问题是相当复杂的，计算机密集型的方法必须使用。拟议计划的广泛目标是进一步改进和扩大过去几年开发的用于谱系重建的计算机程序，以便研究界能够获得强大且用户友好的工具来研究相关性的分布，并估计自然和半自然人群中的关键遗传参数，迄今为止这是非常困难的。这项研究还将在两个关键的自然系统模型中使用这些方法，两个鲑鱼种群正在经历严重下降并濒临消失，一个水生入侵物种正在加拿大大西洋沿岸蔓延。这项工作将在两个濒危鲑鱼种群的交配系统、繁殖成功率和相关性的时空分布研究中产生新的发现。这将揭示小种群进化和保护的几个关键方面，例如近亲繁殖在灭绝中的可能作用和圈养繁殖计划的遗传后果。在生物多样性问题的另一端，该计划将导致在几个空间尺度上与水生入侵物种爆炸性增长相关的遗传维度的新发现，并可能有助于预测被囊动物“热点”种群的扩散和增长加拿大大西洋沿岸。