From small molecules to complext supramolecular architectures: underlying physical concepts and phenomena

从小分子到复杂的超分子结构：潜在的物理概念和现象

• 批准号: 298396-2007
• 负责人: Fenniri, Hicham
• 金额: $ 3.28万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=362726
• 关键词: small; molecules; complext; supramolecular; architectures

It is accepted today that self-assembly and self-organization processes are the thread that connects the reductionism of chemical reactions to the complexity and emergence of a living dynamic system. Unraveling these processes may lead not only to a better understanding of nature's approach to generating supramolecular architectures with predefined size, topology, stereochemistry, hierarchy, and shape, but also to technological applications in engineering, science, and medicine.The conceptualization of an organized state of matter requires in-debt understanding not only of chemical reactivity but also of the chemical information embedded in the molecules in the form of charges, dipoles, and other functional elements necessary to translate chemical information into functional superstructures. Towards this goal we propose to investigate four inter-related projects. The first deals with controlling the inner diameter of self-assembled rosette nanotubes (RNTs) through the design and chemical synthesis of small organic molecules. The second topic consists in utilizing the RNTs to generate monodisperse metallic nanoparticles endowed with important catalytic properties. The third topic deals with the study of a new family of nanotubules derived from the RNTs through a novel self-assembly mechanism. Finally, because of the auto-catalytic and self-replicating properties of the RNTs, we propose to develop an in-vitro evolution strategy for the selection of RNTs with predefined properties.This program has contributed to a truly multidisciplinary environment within my group and department. In addition to exploring new aspects of organic chemistry, the students involved in this program, learn the art of supramolecular engineering. Subsequent physical organic studies to characterize the resulting assemblies entice them to learn and practice state-of-the-art spectroscopic and imaging techniques.

今天，人们普遍认为，自组装和自组织过程是将化学反应的还原论与一个活的动态系统的复杂性和出现联系起来的线索。解开这些过程不仅可以更好地理解自然界产生具有预定大小，拓扑结构，立体化学，层次结构和形状的超分子结构的方法，而且还可以在工程，科学，一个有组织的物质状态的概念化需要在-债务的理解不仅是化学反应，而且化学信息嵌入在分子中的形式电荷，偶极子，以及将化学信息转化为功能性超结构所必需的其它功能性元件。为了实现这一目标，我们建议调查四个相互关联的项目。第一个涉及通过设计和化学合成小有机分子来控制自组装玫瑰花状纳米管（RNTs）的内径。第二个主题是利用RNTs产生具有重要催化性能的单分散金属纳米颗粒。第三个主题是通过一种新的自组装机制研究一个新的纳米管家族。最后，由于RNTs的自催化和自我复制特性，我们建议开发一种体外进化策略，用于选择具有预定义特性的RNTs。除了探索有机化学的新方面，参与该计划的学生还学习超分子工程的艺术。随后的物理有机研究，以表征所产生的组件诱使他们学习和实践国家的最先进的光谱和成像技术。