System for simultaneous measurement of bed and water surface profiles

本方案描述了一种在开放水流中自动同时测量河床和水面剖面的系统。该系统允许快速采集这些测量值，其值可以快速变化。该设备将提高流量测量能力，以研究河流对土壤的侵蚀问题，并评估在水坝和堰等河流中人为障碍物上设置鱼类通道设施的潜在设计。该基金支持的鱼类通道研究包括研究一种类似自然的鱼道，称为“岩石斜坡鱼道”。对于这些鱼道，岩石沿着通道的河床以不同的间距放置，以连接障碍物的上游和下游。这是为了模仿鱼类在自然界中遇到的水流类型，并鼓励它们通过结构的上游。该设备将允许详细的数据收集通过通道的流动深度，这可能会因通道的长度和宽度而有很大的变化。有了这些信息和速度测量，就有可能评估一条鱼是否能成功地通过通道迁徙。这项工作对维持和改善淡水溪流中鱼类种群具有重要意义。法律要求在河流中的构筑物上提供鱼类通道的规定，使鱼类能够进入它们原来的栖息地。将支持的冲刷研究包括水射流对粘土侵蚀的研究。河床剖面仪将用于评估黏土随时间侵蚀而形成的冲刷孔的发展情况。所要求的床层剖面仪实际上不会接触粘土表面，这有时会导致侵蚀，并可能导致数据的误解。这项工作意义重大，它能让工程师更好地估计土壤的抗侵蚀能力，从而设计出更安全的水坝和桥梁。

This proposal describes a system for the automated, simultaneous measurement of bed and water surface profiles in open water flows.  The system allows for fast acquisition of these measurements, whose values can change quickly.  This equipment will improve flow measurement capabilities for study of problems in the erosion of soils by river flows and in the assessment of potential designs for fish passage facilities at manmade obstructions in rivers such as dams and weirs. The fish passage studies supported by the grant include study a type of nature-like fishway, called a "rocky ramp fishway".  For these fishways, rocks are placed at different spacing along the bed of the channel that serves to connect the upstream and downstream sides of the obstruction.  This is to mimic the type of flows fish encounter in nature and encourage them to pass to the upstream side of the structure.  The equipment will allow detailed data collection of the depths of flow through the channel, which can vary significantly through the channel length and width.  With this information and velocity measurements, it will be possible to assess whether a fish could successfully migrate through the channel.  The work is significant to the maintenance and improvements of fish populations in fresh water streams.  Provisions for fish passage are required by law to be provided at structures placed in rivers, so that fish can access their original habitat. The scour studies that will be supported include study of the erosion in clay soils by water jets.  The bed profiler will be used to assess the development of the scour hole created by the erosion of the clay with time. The bed profiler requested would not actually touch the clay surface, which can sometimes cause erosion and might cause misinterpretation of data.  The work is significant to allow engineers to better estimate soil erosion resistance in soils so that they can design safer dams and bridges.