Evaluation and comparison of risk and performance reliability for infrastructure under multiple hazards

加拿大人的安全和经济安全越来越依赖于桥梁、道路、建筑物和港口设施等基础设施的完整性。除了对人类生命的直接破坏和损失和威胁之外，桥梁坍塌等灾害还可能对城市地区和其他地区产生负面的社会经济影响。例如，运输延误可能会导致生产率和工作岗位的流失。这一研究项目将开发方法和工具，帮助决策者评估、暴露、比较和管理遭受多重危险的基础设施的风险。危害是不确定的，很难量化。目前的风险评估方法往往缺乏透明度，而且它们以个别风险成分为中心，忽视了整体情况。他们还单独关注罕见的极端危险，如地震，缺乏将此类危险与更常规的危险(如恶化)结合起来考虑的工具。这项研究将采用一种新颖的整体方法，考虑到故障事件和缓解行动经常被忽视的社会经济后果。这项研究还将仔细研究一种越来越常见的、很少被认识到的危险--基础设施的老化--以及在地震等严重灾害期间，这种危险如何影响基础设施的反应。这项研究将产生工具，帮助决策者在基础设施安全方面做出最佳选择。它将提供必要的信息，以评估旧基础设施的安全性并做出适当的维护/翻新决策，同时安全地延长基础设施的使用寿命。*该方法将通过与支持组织合作进行的试验台进行评估。*试验台将包括评估温哥华港结构故障造成的后果，以及比较缓解后果的风险缓解技术。

The safety and economic security of Canadians increasingly depends on the integrity of infrastructure such as bridges, roadways, buildings and port facilities. Besides direct damage and losses and threats to human lives, disasters such as a bridge collapse can have negative socio-economic impacts to the urban area and beyond. For example, transport delays can lead to productivity and job losses. This research project will develop methods and tools to help decision makers evaluate, expose, compare and manage risks to infrastructure that is subjected to multiple hazards. Hazards are uncertain and difficult to quantify. Current risk assessment methods tend to lack transparency and they miss the big picture by centering around individual risk components. They also focus on rare, extreme hazards, such as earthquakes, in isolation, and lack tools to consider such hazards in combination with more routine hazards such as deterioration. This research will take a novel, holistic approach that will take into account oft-overlooked socio-economic consequences of failure events and mitigation actions. The research will also closely examine an increasingly common hazard that is rarely recognized - the aging of infrastructure - and how this hazard affects the response of infrastructure during severe hazards such as earthquakes. The research will produce tools to help decision makers in making optimal choices regarding infrastructure safety. It will provide the information necessary to evaluate the safety of older infrastructure and make proper maintenance/retrofit decisions, while safely prolonging the infrastructure's service life.  The methodology will be evaluated through testbeds conducted in collaboration with supporting organizations.  The testbeds will include the assessment of consequences resulting from structural failures at the Port of Vancouver and comparison of risk mitigation techniques to alleviate the consequences.