The role of the mammalian Grainyhead-like gene family in neural tube closure

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Failure of the skin to close over the brain and spinal cord during human development results in the devastating congenital birth defects anencephaly and spina bifida, known collectively as the neural tube defects. These are the second most common congenital birth defects affecting 1:1000 pregnancies. Our laboratories have identified a family of genes essential for the closure of the neural tube in mammals. The aim of this proposal is to understand the mechanisms of action of these genes with a view to developing new preventative therapeutics.