Function and assembly of cytochrome oxidase

细胞色素氧化酶的功能和组装

• 批准号: 153113-2007
• 负责人: Hill, Bruce
• 金额: $ 4.74万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=391645
• 关键词: Function; assembly; cytochrome; oxidase

Living organisms extract energy from food in a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The largest contributor to energy capture in higher organisms is a series of enzymes found in the mitochondrial organelle and referred to as the respiratory chain. The respiratory chain passes electrons from reduced substrates to oxygen. During this controlled burn some energy is captured and some is released as heat. The energy captured, initially as an electrical and chemical gradient formed across the mitochondrial membrane, is spent to make adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). ATP is the molecule of energy exchange in biology and is used to fuel such processes as cell movement, intercellular communication and nutrient uptake.

生物体通过一系列酶催化反应从食物中提取能量。在高等生物中，能量捕获的最大贡献者是在线粒体细胞器中发现的一系列酶，称为呼吸链。呼吸链将电子从还原底物传递到氧气。在这种受控的燃烧过程中，一些能量被捕获，一些作为热量释放。捕获的能量，最初作为在线粒体膜上形成的电和化学梯度，用于制造腺苷5 '-三磷酸（ATP）。ATP是生物学中能量交换的分子，用于为细胞运动、细胞间通讯和营养吸收等过程提供燃料。