Novel insight into vortex formation and turbine performance through innovative techniques in rotating fluid dynamics

通过旋转流体动力学的创新技术对涡旋形成和涡轮性能的新见解在本提案中详细介绍了两个单独的研究项目；这两个程序是由旋转流体的物理学联系在一起的。第一个程序试图精确量化一个三维漩涡是如何从头到尾形成的。尽管人们对它的兴趣由来已久，但其形成的具体细节却没有文献记载。本研究将通过实验和计算模型将形成过程分解为组成步骤。可以强烈预期，该程序的结果将有利于研究有害涡旋现象，包括喷气机进气涡旋，大坝进气涡旋，甚至龙卷风形成。第二个研究主题侧重于提高对可再生能源涡轮机（如风力涡轮机和潮汐涡轮机）流固相互作用的理解。测量涡轮叶片在流体载荷（吹风或流水）下如何振动和变形是一项复杂的任务。了解流体和结构如何相互作用是至关重要的，因为这直接影响涡轮机的性能和耐久性。这个问题的复杂性限制了迄今为止类似研究的数量。将在实验室风洞和水洞中研究水平轴和垂直轴涡轮机的流体动力和结构特性。物理实验的计算模拟将与实验工作并行进行。虽然雄心勃勃，但这项研究的目的是为改进现有的风力和开放水域涡轮机技术提供有用的数据。此外，我们乐观地期望设计创新源于这项研究。

Novel Insight Into Vortex Formation and Turbine Performance Through Innovative Techniques in Rotating Fluid Dynamics Two individual research programs are detailed in this proposal; both programs are linked by the physics of rotating fluids.  The first program seeks to quantify precisely how a three dimensional vortex forms from start to finish.  In spite of a long history of interest, the specific details of formation have eluded the literature.  This study will break the formation process down into component steps through experiments and computational models.  It is strongly anticipated that results of this program will benefit those studying harmful vortex phenomena including jet intake vortices, dam intake vortices, and even tornado formation. The second research theme focuses on improving the understanding of fluid-structure interaction in renewable energy turbines such as wind turbines and tidal turbines.  Measuring how turbine blades may vibrate and deform under fluid loading (blowing wind or flowing water), is a byzantine task.  It is vital to understand how the fluid and structure interact as this directly influences the turbine performance and durability.  The complexity of the problem has limited the number of similar studies attempted to date.  The fluid dynamic and structural behaviour of both horizontal and vertical axis turbines will be studied in laboratory wind and water tunnels.  Computational simulations of the physical experiments will be developed in parallel with the experimental work.  Though ambitious, this study aims to provide useful data for the improvement of existing wind and open-water turbine technology.  Further, we optimistically expect design innovations to stem from this research.