Novel insight into vortex formation and turbine performance through innovative techniques in rotating fluid dynamics

通过旋转流体动力学的创新技术对涡旋形成和涡轮性能的新见解在本提案中详细介绍了两个单独的研究计划；这两个计划都由旋转流体的物理联系在一起。第一个计划寻求精确地量化三维涡流从开始到结束是如何形成的。尽管有很长的感兴趣的历史，但具体的形成细节一直没有文献。这项研究将通过实验和计算模型将形成过程分成几个部分步骤。我们强烈期望这个项目的结果将使那些研究有害的涡流现象的人受益，包括喷口涡流、大坝进水口涡流，甚至龙卷风形成。第二个研究主题是提高对风力涡轮机和潮汐涡轮机等可再生能源涡轮机流固耦合的理解。除了测量涡轮机叶片在流体载荷(吹风或流水)下可能发生的振动和变形外，这是一项错综复杂的任务。了解流体和结构如何相互作用是至关重要的，因为这直接影响涡轮机的性能和耐久性。但这个问题的复杂性限制了迄今为止尝试的类似研究的数量。我们将在实验室的风洞和水洞中研究水平轴和垂直轴涡轮机的流体动力学和结构行为。物理实验的计算模拟将与实验工作并行进行。尽管这项研究雄心勃勃，但它旨在为改进现有的风力和开水涡轮机技术提供有用的数据。此外，我们乐观地预计，设计创新将源于这项研究。

Novel Insight Into Vortex Formation and Turbine Performance Through Innovative Techniques in Rotating Fluid Dynamics Two individual research programs are detailed in this proposal; both programs are linked by the physics of rotating fluids.  The first program seeks to quantify precisely how a three dimensional vortex forms from start to finish.  In spite of a long history of interest, the specific details of formation have eluded the literature.  This study will break the formation process down into component steps through experiments and computational models.  It is strongly anticipated that results of this program will benefit those studying harmful vortex phenomena including jet intake vortices, dam intake vortices, and even tornado formation. The second research theme focuses on improving the understanding of fluid-structure interaction in renewable energy turbines such as wind turbines and tidal turbines.  Measuring how turbine blades may vibrate and deform under fluid loading (blowing wind or flowing water), is a byzantine task.  It is vital to understand how the fluid and structure interact as this directly influences the turbine performance and durability.  The complexity of the problem has limited the number of similar studies attempted to date.  The fluid dynamic and structural behaviour of both horizontal and vertical axis turbines will be studied in laboratory wind and water tunnels.  Computational simulations of the physical experiments will be developed in parallel with the experimental work.  Though ambitious, this study aims to provide useful data for the improvement of existing wind and open-water turbine technology.  Further, we optimistically expect design innovations to stem from this research.