Aptamer-facilitated technology for batch separation of X- and Y-chromosome bearing sperm cells (AptaBatch)

用于批量分离带有 X 和 Y 染色体的精子细胞的适体促进技术 (AptaBatch)

• 批准号: 372484-2008
• 负责人: Krylov, Sergey
• 金额: $ 8.96万
• 依托单位: York University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Idea to Innovation
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=411749
• 关键词: Aptamer; facilitated; technology; batch; separation

Sex selection of cattle is required in dairy and meat industries: cows are needed for milk production while bulls are preferable for meat production. Cattle's sex depends on whether the egg is fertilized with an X- or Y-chromosome-bearing sperm cell (simply X and Y cells). To facilitate the production of only cows or only bulls, artificial insemination with semen cells of the desirable sex is used. The industrial technology used for separation of X and Y cells utilizes the small difference (3-4%) in the amounts of DNA between X and Y cells. It requires expensive equipment and separates cells one-by-one by the slow and cell-damaging process of Fluorescence-Assisted Cell Sorting (FACS). The drawbacks of FACS-based cell separation make single-sex sperm expensive and inefficient in fertilization. We recently invented a generic technology that integrates development of affinity probes (aptamers) for cell-surface biomarkers and aptamer-facilitated batch separation of cells. The technology is used for two different applications under different names: AptaBiD and AptaBatch. Four patent applications were filed to protect different aspects of the intellectual property for this technology and a paper on the technology was published in a high-profile peer-reviewed journal: Journal of the American Chemical Society. AptaBatch has three key advantages over the FACS-based technology; it is faster, less damaging for cells, and requires less expensive equipment. In our extensive study and method development, we demonstrated that AptaBatch is applicable to different cell types including sperm cells. In this Phase 1 project, we will: (i) gather additional information for comprehensive patent protection and file a full patent application based on the provisional patent filed in June 2008, (ii) scale up and validate the technology using industrial standards for acceptance criteria, (iii) initiate intense communication with potential technology acceptors in preparation for Phase IIb. We estimate the risk of the project as MINIMAL and the chance of transferring the project to Phase IIb as HIGH.

在乳品和肉类工业中，需要对牛进行性别选择：牛奶生产需要母牛，而肉类生产则需要公牛。牛的性别取决于卵子是否与带有X或Y染色体的精子细胞（简单地说是X和Y细胞）受精。为了便于只生产母牛或公牛，使用所需性别的精液细胞进行人工授精。用于分离X和Y细胞的工业技术利用X和Y细胞之间DNA量的微小差异（3-4%）。它需要昂贵的设备，并通过缓慢和细胞损伤的细胞分选（FACS）过程一个接一个地分离细胞。基于FACS的细胞分离的缺点使得单性精子在受精中昂贵且效率低下。我们最近发明了一种通用技术，该技术集成了用于细胞表面生物标志物的亲和探针（适体）的开发和适体促进的细胞批量分离。该技术用于两种不同名称的不同应用：AptaBiD和AptaBatch。为了保护这项技术的知识产权的不同方面，提出了四项专利申请，并在一份备受瞩目的同行评审期刊上发表了一篇关于这项技术的论文：美国化学学会杂志。与基于FACS的技术相比，AptaBatch具有三个关键优势：速度更快，对细胞的损伤更小，并且需要更便宜的设备。在我们广泛的研究和方法开发中，我们证明了AptaBatch适用于不同的细胞类型，包括精子细胞。在第一阶段项目中，我们将：（i）收集更多信息，以获得全面的专利保护，并根据2008年6月提交的临时专利提交完整的专利申请;（ii）使用工业标准的验收标准扩大和验证技术;（iii）与潜在的技术接受者进行密切沟通，为第二阶段做准备。我们估计该项目的风险为最低，将该项目转移到第IIb阶段的机会为高。