Dating App Facilitated Sexual Violence Perpetration among Men who Have Sex with Men

项目总结 约会应用程序促进性暴力(DAFSV)包括通过约会应用程序实施的性伤害， 例如发送不想要的露骨的性爱图像、发表贬损的评论或威胁不想要的 性行为。约会应用程序用户不成比例地经历了面对面的性暴力(SV)，这表明 DAFSV可能是面对面SV的重要前置光标。然而，DAFSV的实施风险和保护 面对面性交的因素和交叉点仍未得到充分研究，特别是在有 男男性性行为(MSM)。男男性同性恋者使用约会应用程序的人数比美国其他任何人都多，也是美国人的6倍 与异性恋男性相比，更有可能体验到面对面的性传播障碍，并报告了寻求帮助的巨大障碍。 酒精使用是面对面SV的一个强有力的预测因素，然而酒精在MSM中实施DAFSV的作用并不是 被检查过了。因此，需要研究来了解饮酒模式和DAFSV之间的联系， 以及目前酒精使用对DAFSV的作用。同样重要的是要确定版主 加剧(即，性少数群体压力)或保护(例如，与LGB的联系)酒精的潜在影响。 拟议的研究将通过使用混合方法设计来检查关联来解决文献中的空白 男男性接触者中这些因素之间的关系。在第一阶段，我们将招募18岁的全国MSM(N=1150)样本- 50名使用过去3个月约会应用程序进行横断面调查，并通过时间线跟踪(TLFB)进行评估 DAFSV实施、酒精使用、性少数群体压力和保护因素，以及亲自实施SV。 在第二阶段，我们将对第一阶段报告DAFSV的60名男男性接触者进行深入的定性访谈 实施和酒精使用来理解DAFSV发生的背景，目的是识别潜在的 男男性接触者中预防DAFSV的方法。研究的目的是： 1.考察DAFSV实施与面对面SV实施的交集。具体来说，我们 将调查实施DAFSV的MSM在多大程度上也在第一次实施面对面SV 与合作伙伴的会议通过约会应用程序进行[阶段1和阶段2]。 2.目的2.探讨酒精在DAFSV行为中的作用。具体来说，我们将审查：a)是否 饮酒更多的男男性接触者(与饮酒较少的男男性接触者相比)犯下更多的DAFSV[阶段1]，b)饮酒者中， DAFSV是否更有可能在MSM饮酒日(与不饮酒日相比)[阶段1]，以及c) 饮酒者，MSM饮酒(与不饮酒)时DAFSV犯罪事件有何不同[阶段2]。 3.探讨男男性接触者实施DAFSV的风险及防护因素。我们将a)调查是否 酒精使用和DAFSV之间的关系受性少数民族应激源和保护性因素的调节 因素[阶段1]，以及b)确定其他风险/保护因素(例如，情绪状态、动机和 情况因素(例如，物质使用)是DAFSV实施事件的特征[第二阶段]。

PROJECT SUMMARY Dating app facilitated sexual violence (DAFSV) includes sexually-based harms enacted through dating apps, such as sending unwanted explicit sexual images, making derogatory comments, or threatening unwanted sexual acts. Dating app users disproportionally experience in-person sexual violence (SV) which suggests that DAFSV may be an important pre-cursor to in-person SV. However, DAFSV perpetration risk and protective factors and intersections with in-person SV perpetration remain underexplored, especially among men who have sex with men (MSM). MSM use dating apps more than any other population in the US, are also 6 times more likely to experience in-person SV compared to heterosexual men, and report substantial barriers to help seeking. A robust predictor of in-person SV is alcohol use, yet alcohol’s role in DAFSV perpetration among MSM has not been examined. Thus, research is needed to understand associations between drinking patterns and DAFSV, as well as the role of alcohol use on DAFSV in the moment. It is also important to identify moderators that exacerbate (i.e., sexual minority stress) or protect against (e.g., LGB connectedness) alcohol’s potential effects. The proposed study will address gaps in the literature by using a mixed-methods design to examine associations between these factors among MSM. In Phase 1, we will recruit a national sample of MSM (N = 1150) ages 18- 50 with past 3-month dating app use for a cross-sectional survey with timeline follow-back (TLFB) to assess DAFSV perpetration, alcohol use, sexual minority stress and protective factors, and in-person SV perpetration. In Phase 2, we will conduct in-depth qualitative interviews with 60 MSM from Phase 1 who report DAFSV perpetration and alcohol use to understand contexts in which DAFSV occurs, with the goal of identifying potential ways to prevent DAFSV among MSM. The study aims are: 1. To examine the intersection between DAFSV perpetration and in-person SV perpetration. Specifically, we will investigate the extent to which MSM who perpetrate DAFSV also perpetrate in-person SV during first meetings with partners met through dating apps [Phase 1 and 2]. 2. Aim 2. To examine the role of alcohol in DAFSV perpetration. Specifically, we will examine: a) whether MSM who drink more (vs. MSM who drink less) perpetrate more DAFSV [Phase 1], b) among drinkers, whether DAFSV is more likely on days MSM drink (vs. non-drinking days) [Phase 1], and c) among drinkers, how DAFSV perpetration incidents differ when MSM are drinking (vs. not drinking) [Phase 2]. 3. To explore risk and protective factors for DAFSV perpetration among MSM. We will a) investigate whether the relationship between alcohol use and DAFSV is moderated by sexual minority stressors and protective factors [Phase 1], and b) identify additional risk/protective factors (e.g., emotional states, motives, and situational factors (e.g., substance use) that characterize incidents of DAFSV perpetration [Phase 2].