Dating App Facilitated Sexual Violence Perpetration among Men who Have Sex with Men

项目摘要 约会应用程序促进性暴力（DAFSV）包括通过约会应用程序实施的基于性的伤害， 例如发送不想要的露骨的性图像，发表贬损性评论，或威胁不想要的 性行为约会应用程序用户自愿经历面对面的性暴力（SV），这表明， DAFSV可能是亲自SV的重要前体。然而，DAFSV犯罪风险和保护 与亲自SV犯罪的因素和交叉点仍然没有得到充分的探索，特别是在那些 男同性恋（MSM）MSM使用约会应用程序比美国任何其他人口都多，也是6倍 与异性恋男性相比，可能经历过面对面的SV，并报告在寻求帮助方面存在重大障碍。 一个强有力的预测在人SV是酒精使用，但酒精的作用，在DAFSV犯下的男男性接触者还没有 被检查过了因此，需要研究来了解饮酒模式和DAFSV之间的关联， 以及目前酒精使用对DAFSV的作用。同样重要的是要确定版主， 加剧（即，性少数压力）或防止（例如，LGB连通性）酒精的潜在影响。 拟议的研究将通过使用混合方法设计来检查关联，以解决文献中的空白 这些因素之间的关系。在第一阶段，我们将招募一个全国性的MSM样本（N = 1150），年龄在18- 18岁之间。 50名过去3个月使用约会应用程序的受试者进行横断面调查，并使用时间轴随访（TLFB）进行评估 DAFSV犯罪，酒精使用，性少数的压力和保护因素，以及在人SV犯罪。 在第二阶段，我们将对第一阶段报告DAFSV的60名MSM进行深入的定性访谈 犯罪和酒精使用，以了解DAFSV发生的背景，目的是确定潜在的 预防男男性接触者DAFSV的方法。研究的目的是： 1.检查DAFSV犯罪和亲自SV犯罪之间的交叉点。我们特别 将调查实施DAFSV的MSM在多大程度上也在第一次实施面对面的SV 与通过约会应用程序认识的合作伙伴会面[阶段1和2]。 2.目标二。研究酒精在DAFSV发病中的作用。具体而言，我们将研究：a）是否 饮酒较多的MSM（与饮酒较少的MSM相比）发生更多的DAFSV [阶段1]，B）饮酒者， DAFSV是否更可能在MSM饮酒日（与非饮酒日相比）[阶段1]，以及c） 饮酒者，当MSM饮酒（与不饮酒）时，DAFSV犯罪事件如何不同[阶段2]。 3.目的探讨男男性行为者感染DAFSV的危险因素和保护因素。我们将（a）调查是否 酒精使用和DAFSV之间的关系受到性少数压力和保护性因素的调节， 因素[第1阶段]，和B）确定额外的风险/保护因素（例如，情绪状态、动机和 情境因素（例如，药物使用），以表征DAFSV犯罪事件[第2阶段]。

PROJECT SUMMARY Dating app facilitated sexual violence (DAFSV) includes sexually-based harms enacted through dating apps, such as sending unwanted explicit sexual images, making derogatory comments, or threatening unwanted sexual acts. Dating app users disproportionally experience in-person sexual violence (SV) which suggests that DAFSV may be an important pre-cursor to in-person SV. However, DAFSV perpetration risk and protective factors and intersections with in-person SV perpetration remain underexplored, especially among men who have sex with men (MSM). MSM use dating apps more than any other population in the US, are also 6 times more likely to experience in-person SV compared to heterosexual men, and report substantial barriers to help seeking. A robust predictor of in-person SV is alcohol use, yet alcohol’s role in DAFSV perpetration among MSM has not been examined. Thus, research is needed to understand associations between drinking patterns and DAFSV, as well as the role of alcohol use on DAFSV in the moment. It is also important to identify moderators that exacerbate (i.e., sexual minority stress) or protect against (e.g., LGB connectedness) alcohol’s potential effects. The proposed study will address gaps in the literature by using a mixed-methods design to examine associations between these factors among MSM. In Phase 1, we will recruit a national sample of MSM (N = 1150) ages 18- 50 with past 3-month dating app use for a cross-sectional survey with timeline follow-back (TLFB) to assess DAFSV perpetration, alcohol use, sexual minority stress and protective factors, and in-person SV perpetration. In Phase 2, we will conduct in-depth qualitative interviews with 60 MSM from Phase 1 who report DAFSV perpetration and alcohol use to understand contexts in which DAFSV occurs, with the goal of identifying potential ways to prevent DAFSV among MSM. The study aims are: 1. To examine the intersection between DAFSV perpetration and in-person SV perpetration. Specifically, we will investigate the extent to which MSM who perpetrate DAFSV also perpetrate in-person SV during first meetings with partners met through dating apps [Phase 1 and 2]. 2. Aim 2. To examine the role of alcohol in DAFSV perpetration. Specifically, we will examine: a) whether MSM who drink more (vs. MSM who drink less) perpetrate more DAFSV [Phase 1], b) among drinkers, whether DAFSV is more likely on days MSM drink (vs. non-drinking days) [Phase 1], and c) among drinkers, how DAFSV perpetration incidents differ when MSM are drinking (vs. not drinking) [Phase 2]. 3. To explore risk and protective factors for DAFSV perpetration among MSM. We will a) investigate whether the relationship between alcohol use and DAFSV is moderated by sexual minority stressors and protective factors [Phase 1], and b) identify additional risk/protective factors (e.g., emotional states, motives, and situational factors (e.g., substance use) that characterize incidents of DAFSV perpetration [Phase 2].