Response of red blood cells to desiccation and dry storage

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The development of effective preservation and long-term storage techniques is a critical requirement for the successful clinical and commercial application of emerging cell-based technologies. With the efficacy of tissue engineering, cell and tissue transplantation, and transfusion medicine dependent on the native and induced characteristics of living cells, preserving the functional viability of cells and tissues remains one of the most important challenges facing reparative medicine. Desiccation and dry storage is emerging as an attractive process for preserving the biological structure and/or function of living systems at ambient temperatures. Cell injury is related to the nature and the kinetics of the cellular response to the numerous physical and chemical changes that occur during drying and rehydration. Over the past twenty years, enormous progress has been made understanding the response of nature systems (for example insects, plants, and nematodes) to desiccation and the molecular strategies that are responsible for nature desiccation-tolerance. Recently there has been an interest in extending studies on anhydrobiotic (life without water) organisms to include desiccation-sensitive mammalian cells.