Biocontrol of bacterial canker/wilt of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis with rhizobacteria

由密歇根棒状杆菌亚种引起的番茄细菌性溃疡病/枯萎病的生物防治（Lycopersicum esculentum）。

• 批准号: 354720-2007
• 负责人: Smith, Donald
• 金额: $ 3.42万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2009-01-01 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=431420
• 关键词: Biocontrol; bacterial; canker; wilt; tomato

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) is the causal agent of bacterial wilt and canker of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), causing substantial economic losses worldwide. During the last decade research work on Cmm of tomato has largely focused on epidemiology, however, there has been little research on biological control. There is growing interest in organic production of tomatoes and biocontrol is compatible with this approach. The goal of this proposal is to screen plant rhizospheres for bacteria antagonistic to Cmm, and to investigate their ability to protect tomato plants against Cmm. We propose to isolate root epiphytic and endophytic bacteria from rhizosphere soil and plant root samples. These isolates will then be screened for activity against Cmm. A first small effort in this regard discovered four strains that show anti-Cmm activity, however, a wide range of strains must be identified as some are certain to be found unsuitable for commercial biocontrol, due to an application and product constraints, and to regulatory restrictions; a large number at the outset is the best strategy. The active strains will be analyzed for production of anti-bacterial compounds using HPLC, GC/MS and MALDI-TOF and/or NMR spectroscopy. The anti-Cmm activity of these compounds will be assessed via the disk diffusion assay (on agar plates), and the minimum inhibitory concentration of each will be determined. We will also study the anti-Cmm activity of combinations of biocontrol bacteria and their anti-Cmm compounds. In addition, we will study the tripartite association of the biocontrol strains/anti-Cmm compounds, Cmm and the host tomato plant. Greenhouse studies will be conducted to study application sites (seed, root, foliar and various combinations of these) for biocontrol bacteria and their antibiotics in a range of combinations, for the control of Cmm. We will also determine if these bacteria/anti-Cmm compounds are able to induce disease resistance in tomato plants, thus adding to host plant defense activity against the pathogen. Finally, studies on the control of Cmm by biocontrol strains/anti-Cmm compounds will be conducted under conditions similar to commercial greenhouses.

番茄溃疡摘要番茄溃疡病是番茄青枯病和溃疡病的主要病原，在世界范围内造成了巨大的经济损失。在过去的十年中，番茄溃疡病的研究工作主要集中在流行病学上，而生物防治的研究很少。 人们对有机番茄生产越来越感兴趣，生物防治与这种方法是相容的。本研究的目的是筛选植物根际拮抗细菌，并研究其保护番茄植株免受Cmm侵害的能力。我们建议从根际土壤和植物根系样品中分离根附生和内生细菌。然后筛选这些分离株的抗Cmm活性。在这方面的第一个小的努力发现了四个菌株，显示抗Cmm活性，然而，广泛的菌株必须加以鉴定，因为一些是肯定会被发现不适合商业生物防治，由于应用和产品的限制，并监管限制;在一开始大量是最好的策略。将使用HPLC、GC/MS和MALDI-TOF和/或NMR光谱法分析活性菌株的抗菌化合物产量。将通过纸片扩散试验（在琼脂平板上）评估这些化合物的抗Cmm活性，并测定每种化合物的最小抑制浓度。我们还将研究生防细菌及其抗Cmm化合物的组合的抗Cmm活性。此外，我们将研究生防菌株/抗Cmm化合物、Cmm和宿主番茄植物的三方关联。将进行温室研究，以研究生物防治细菌及其抗生素在一系列组合中的应用部位（种子、根、叶和这些的各种组合），以控制Cmm。我们还将确定这些细菌/抗Cmm化合物是否能够诱导番茄植物的抗病性，从而增加宿主植物对病原体的防御活性。最后，将在类似于商业温室的条件下进行通过生物防治菌株/抗Cmm化合物防治Cmm的研究。