Understanding immune responses to severe influenza virus infection and vaccination in humans

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During influenza virus infection, people acquire robust and long-lasting immunity. However, current influenza vaccines elicit only transient immunity. I will define optimal responses in different immune cell types after natural infection versus vaccination; understand why some people fail to generate protective antibodies to the vaccine; and identify key biomarkers aimed at reducing influenza disease impact in high risk groups. This work will improve future influenza vaccination regimens.