Seaweed nutrient ecophysiology, strain selection and new candidate species for the development of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA)

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The global seafood market is at a crossroads. While landings by global capture fisheries have leveled off, and many fish stocks have essentially collapsed, demand for seafood has been rising steadily, leading to the fast expansion of aquaculture. However, industrialized intensive finfish fed monoculture practices are showing they also have limits. Various approaches have been suggested to improve the deficiencies of the "Blue Revolution". One such responsible aquaculture practice, which we are developing in Canada, is integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA). The IMTA concept is based on an age-old, common sense, recycling and farming practice in which the by-products from one species become inputs for another: fed aquaculture (finfish) is combined with inorganic extractive (seaweed) and organic extractive (shellfish) aquaculture to create balanced systems for environmental sustainability (biomitigation), economic stability (product diversification and risk reduction) and social acceptability (better management practices).