Seaweed nutrient ecophysiology, strain selection and new candidate species for the development of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA)

海藻营养生态生理学、菌株选择和发展综合多营养水产养殖（IMTA）的新候选品种

• 批准号: 46376-2009
• 负责人: Chopin, Thierry
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: University of New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=568956
• 关键词: Seaweed; nutrient; ecophysiology; strain; selection

The global seafood market is at a crossroads. While landings by global capture fisheries have leveled off, and many fish stocks have essentially collapsed, demand for seafood has been rising steadily, leading to the fast expansion of aquaculture. However, industrialized intensive finfish fed monoculture practices are showing they also have limits. Various approaches have been suggested to improve the deficiencies of the "Blue Revolution". One such responsible aquaculture practice, which we are developing in Canada, is integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA). The IMTA concept is based on an age-old, common sense, recycling and farming practice in which the by-products from one species become inputs for another: fed aquaculture (finfish) is combined with inorganic extractive (seaweed) and organic extractive (shellfish) aquaculture to create balanced systems for environmental sustainability (biomitigation), economic stability (product diversification and risk reduction) and social acceptability (better management practices). This Discovery Grant will contribute to gaining knowledge on: a) the nitrogen metabolic pathways of seaweeds, b) their morphological plasticity and its degree of environmental and genetic control, and c) the culture techniques to use for an edible seaweed with a complex life history. It is anticipated that this research will help to: a) differentiate IMTA products based on their protein and amino acid profiles to diversify in high value-added niche markets, b) select the best strains of kelps for quality products and optimized biomitigation, and c) develop the cultivation of another seaweed crop to grow when kelps have already been harvested and, consequently, the biomitigating seaweed biomass needs to be temporary replaced. This discovery research will, hence, contribute to optimizing the overall balanced efficiency of IMTA systems and, consequently, increase the social acceptability of the aquaculture sector in Canada and beyond, as our research group is presently at the forefront of the development of IMTA systems.

全球海鲜市场正处于十字路口。虽然全球捕捞渔业的捕捞量已经趋于平稳，许多鱼类资源基本上已经崩溃，但对海产品的需求一直在稳步上升，导致水产养殖的快速扩张。然而，工业化集约化的单一养殖方式也显示出它们的局限性。人们提出了各种方法来改善“蓝色革命”的不足之处。我们正在加拿大开发的一种负责任的水产养殖做法是综合多营养水产养殖。IMTA的概念基于一种古老的常识、回收和养殖实践，其中一种物种的副产品成为另一种物种的投入：饲养水产养殖（鳍鱼）与无机采掘物（海藻）和有机采掘物（贝类）水产养殖相结合，创造了环境可持续性（生物缓解）、经济稳定性（产品多样化和降低风险）和社会可接受性（更好的管理做法）的平衡系统。