Investigation of the aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions over the Arctic during winter

冬季北极上空气溶胶-云-辐射相互作用的调查

• 批准号: 249865-2007
• 负责人: Girard, Eric
• 金额: $ 1.46万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=455455
• 关键词: Investigation; aerosol; cloud; radiation; interactions

According to the International Panel on Climate Change, the Arctic will be the most affected region on Earth by the increase of greenhouse gases. Because of the permanent snow and ice cover, the Arctic is extremely vulnerable to rapid modification of its climate. In this research, another important factor contributing to modify the Arctic climate is investigated, anthropogenic aerosols. The Arctic can be very polluted during winter despite its remote location. The atmospheric circulation during winter favours the preservation and transport of large concentrations of sulphate, soot, and organic compounds over the Arctic. These aerosols can modify the formation and evolution of clouds, which are very frequent over the Arctic during winter. In turn, clouds regulate the amount of terrestrial radiation reaching the surface, thus contributing to either warm or cool the surface. This research aims at improving the simulation of the interactions between aerosols and clouds. A new indirect effect of sulphate aerosols, namely the dehydration-greenhouse feedback (DGF), is also investigated. The DGF could contribute to cool the Arctic during winter, thus partially counteracting the warming due to increasing greenhouse gases.

据国际气候变化专门委员会称，北极将是地球上受温室气体增加影响最严重的地区。由于永久的冰雪覆盖，北极极易受到气候迅速变化的影响。在这项研究中，另一个重要的因素有助于改变北极气候的调查，人为气溶胶。北极尽管地处偏远，但在冬季可能会受到严重污染。冬季的大气环流有利于保存和运输大量的硫酸盐、煤烟和有机化合物。这些气溶胶可以改变云的形成和演变，这在冬季北极地区非常常见。反过来，云调节到达地表的地面辐射量，从而有助于温暖或冷却地表。本研究旨在改进气溶胶和云之间相互作用的模拟。硫酸盐气溶胶的一个新的间接效应，即脱水温室反馈（DGF），也进行了研究。DGF可能有助于在冬季使北极降温，从而部分抵消因温室气体增加而导致的变暖。