Quantum resource theories

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Quantum information science (QIS) has been blossoming in the past twelve years and as the possibility of a quantum computer sparks more interest in the field, the need to have a better understanding of fundamental questions arises. Specifically, questions concerning the resources needed for quantum information tasks, such as quantum teleportation, are of the utmost importance. The key resource for some of these QIS tasks is entanglement: a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which observable physical properties of two or more spatially separated systems are correlated in a manner that has no classical analog. Entanglement demonstrates that QIS contains essentially new types of resources that differ vastly from the sort of resources encountered in classical information theory.