The Capacities of Quantum Information

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Quantum resources can dramatically enhance the capabilities of several parties to perform quantum information processing (QIP) tasks. An excellent example is entanglement, a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which observable physical properties of two or more spatially separated systems are correlated in a manner that has no classical analog.  In quantum information science entanglement is a key resource for many QIP tasks, such as the experimentally realized quantum teleportation, and plays an important role in the emerging technologies of quantum communication, quantum computation and quantum cryptography.Other quantum resources are required for special practical purposes in which the quantum systems are subject to certain natural constraints like the absence of a perfect reference frame shared by all parties, imperfect apparatus, restrictions to Gaussian operations in quantum optics, and other limitations. These additional natural limitations not only lead to new interesting physics and the discovery of new quantum resources, but also have applications in related fields such as quantum cryptography and, in particular, enable one to carry out QIP tasks that are impossible otherwise.  This research program on "the capacities of quantum information" will develop accurate theories and problem-solving tools for the quantification, manipulation and distribution of quantum resources, identify and promote the applications of these new resources, and will collaborate with leading theoretical groups to advance the field of quantum information in the presence of super-selection rules and other natural restrictions. Specific quantum resource theories under consideration include those that correspond to the photon number super-selection rule and the absence of a Cartesian frame.