Sensory contributions to human movement and balance

感官对人类运动和平衡的贡献

• 批准号: 183666-2007
• 负责人: Inglis, JohnTimothy
• 金额: $ 2.64万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=476392
• 关键词: Sensory; contributions; human; movement; balance

The task of maintaining upright stance in the human involves a complex motor control system that has to use and integrate sensory information from primarily three sensory sources: the vestibular system, the somatosensory system, and the visual system. The LONG TERM GOAL of my basic research program is to better understand the fundamental role played by these sensory inputs in the control of standing balance, locomotion and movement in humans. To continue with this direction of work, two main concentration areas or lines of research will be carried out over the next 5 years. The SHORT TERM goal of the first main concentration area of research will focus on the influence of two descending motor pathways that are directly influenced by these sensory systems, on the regulation of single motorneurons of postural muscles in standing human subjects. To look at single motorneuron behaviour, we have developed long term recordings of single motor units, using custom built and extremely stable indwelling wire recording electrodes. The influence of vestibulospinal and reticulospinal inputs onto single motor units recorded during quiet stance will be investigated. Vestibular inputs will be modulated using Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation (GVS), while reticulospinal inputs will be modulated using loud acoustic stimuli to activate the Audiospinal Reflex (ASR). The SHORT TERM goal of the second main concentration area will investigate the regulation of the human muscle spindles (muscle stretch receptors) utilizing a research technique termed microneurography. We plan to investigate the response profile of muscle spindles of the lower limb during realistic physiological active and passive muscle lengthening and shortening. These recordings will be first recorded in sitting subjects, and pilot experiments have demonstrated that, although very difficult, it is possible to record from the single axons from muscle spindles in ankle dorsiflexors in quietly standing human subjects, even during standing perturbations (ankle plantar/dorsiflexion). The experiments in this grant proposal will provide us with valuable new insight into how certain descending inputs regulate muscle spindle and motor unit behaviour during normal stance.

人类保持直立姿势的任务涉及复杂的运动控制系统，该系统必须使用和整合来自主要三个感觉来源的感觉信息：前庭系统、躯体感觉系统和视觉系统。 我的基础研究计划的长期目标是更好地理解这些感觉输入在人类站立平衡，运动和运动控制中所起的基本作用。 为了继续这一工作方向，今后5年将开展两个主要集中领域或研究方向。第一个主要集中研究领域的短期目标将集中在两个下行运动通路的影响，直接受到这些感觉系统的影响，对站立的人类受试者的姿势肌肉的单个运动神经元的调节。为了观察单个运动神经元的行为，我们开发了单个运动单位的长期记录，使用定制的和非常稳定的留置导线记录电极。将研究前庭脊髓和网状脊髓输入对安静站立期间记录的单个运动单位的影响。前庭输入将使用前庭电刺激（GVS）进行调制，而网状脊髓输入将使用响亮的声学刺激进行调制，以激活听脊髓反射（ASR）。短期目标的第二个主要集中领域将调查人类肌梭（肌肉拉伸感受器）的调节，利用一种研究技术称为显微神经成像。我们计划研究在现实的生理主动和被动肌肉延长和缩短下肢肌梭的反应概况。这些记录将首先在坐着的受试者中记录，并且试点实验已经证明，尽管非常困难，但是可以从安静站立的人类受试者的踝背屈肌中的肌梭的单个轴突记录，即使在站立扰动（踝跖/背屈）期间。这项拨款申请中的实验将为我们提供有价值的新见解，了解某些下行输入如何在正常站立时调节肌梭和运动单元行为。