Sensory contributions to human movement and balance

感官对人类运动和平衡的贡献

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04504
• 负责人: Inglis, JohnTimothy
• 金额: $ 2.84万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=630697
• 关键词: Sensory; contributions; human; movement; balance

The task of maintaining upright stance in the human, while seemingly a very simple thing to do, actually involves a complex sensorimotor control system that has to use and integrate sensory information to stay upright. This sensory information comes from three sensory sources: the inner ear (the vestibular system), the main receptors in our skin, joints and muscles (the somatosensory system), and the information coming from our eyes (the visual system). For this grant, two main concentration areas of research will be carried out. The first main concentration area of research will focus on the individual influences of, as well as the integration of, skin and muscle sensory information on the regulation of single spinal motorneurons in balancing human subjects. Over the past 6 years, we have developed extremely stable indwelling (in the muscle) wire recording electrodes, which can be painlessly inserted into any muscle using ultrasound monitoring for verification. Secondly, we have recently developed and piloted two novel techniques (noisey cutaneous vibration or noisey tendon vibration) with which we will investigate the role of different classes of skin receptors or muscle receptors using some computer-controlled and motorized mechanical systems to either selectively stimulate different regions of the skin of the foot-sole, or to stimulate the tendons of the muscles used in the control of standing balance. We plan to look at the interactive effects of both types of peripheral sensory input on human motorneurons while varying the balance task demands of the subject. The second main concentration area will be to investigate the behaviour of human muscle receptor and skin receptors directly using a research technique termed microneurography. Using a computer-controlled foot pedal, we will look at the response behavior of single muscle receptors or skin from the footsole of the lower limb, while subjects attempt to balance in a simulated environment (as if they were standing). Secondly, although very difficult, it is possible to record from the single axons from muscle receptors in the ankle muscles and cutaneous receptors from the foot-sole in quietly standing human subjects. Therefore, the final experiments will be carried out in standing human subjects while recording from single cutaneous and muscle receptors from the lower limb during different body loads and during different balancing tasks. The experiments in this grant proposal will provide us with insight into how key somatosensory inputs help modulate motorneurons and contribute to the control of normal standing balance.

人类保持直立的任务，虽然看起来是一件非常简单的事情，但实际上涉及一个复杂的感觉运动控制系统，它必须使用和整合感觉信息来保持直立。这些感觉信息来自三个感觉来源：内耳（前庭系统），皮肤、关节和肌肉中的主要受体（体感系统），以及来自眼睛的信息（视觉系统）。对于这项拨款，将进行两个主要的集中研究领域。研究的第一个主要集中领域将集中在皮肤和肌肉感觉信息对平衡人类受试者的单个脊髓运动神经元调节的个体影响以及整合。在过去的6年里，我们已经开发出了非常稳定的留置（在肌肉中）导线记录电极，它可以无痛地插入任何肌肉，使用超声监测进行验证。其次，我们最近开发并试验了两种新技术（噪音皮肤振动或噪音肌腱振动），我们将利用一些计算机控制的机动机械系统来研究不同类别的皮肤受体或肌肉受体的作用，这些受体可以选择性地刺激脚底皮肤的不同区域，也可以刺激用于控制站立平衡的肌肉肌腱。我们计划在改变受试者平衡任务需求的同时，观察两种类型的外周感觉输入对人类运动神经元的交互作用。第二个主要集中领域将是研究人类肌肉受体和皮肤受体的行为直接使用研究技术称为微神经摄影。使用电脑控制的脚踏板，我们将观察单个肌肉受体或下肢脚底皮肤的反应行为，同时受试者试图在模拟环境中保持平衡（就像他们站着一样）。其次，虽然非常困难，但在安静站立的人类受试者中，从踝关节肌肉的肌肉受体和脚掌的皮肤受体的单轴突记录是可能的。因此，最后的实验将在站立的人类受试者中进行，同时在不同的身体负荷和不同的平衡任务中记录来自下肢的单个皮肤和肌肉受体。这项拨款提案中的实验将使我们深入了解关键的体感输入如何帮助调节运动神经元并有助于控制正常的站立平衡。