Neural mechanisms of auditory scene analysis

听觉场景分析的神经机制

• 批准号: 355922-2008
• 负责人: Tata, Matthew
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Lethbridge
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=482942
• 关键词: Neural; mechanisms; auditory; scene; analysis

Hearing is central to our daily lives. We easily differentiate between many simultaneous sounds on the basis of their pitch and location, yet little is known about the perceptual and neural processes that underlie this ability. The process of sorting out the overlapping sounds in a typical acoustic environment is called Auditory Scene Analysis. It is fundametally related to our ability to attend to one auditory source and ignore others. The field of Cognitive Neuroscience is beginning to identify the neural correlates of analagous processes in the visual domain, but has made little progress in audition. The experiments proposed here will investigate how the auditory system makes use of spatial information to direct attention to one or another sound. The results should tell us more about how spatial information helps us to hear in complicated environments. Ultimately these results may have important bearing on a variety of situations in which hearing is compromised - such as in Age-Related Hearing Loss, or when auditory attention fails to work properly - such as Attention-Deficit Disorder.

听觉是我们日常生活的中心。我们很容易根据音高和位置区分许多同时出现的声音，但对这种能力背后的感知和神经过程知之甚少。 在典型的声学环境中，将重叠的声音分类的过程称为听觉场景分析。 它从根本上与我们关注一个听觉源而忽略其他听觉源的能力有关。 认知神经科学领域开始识别视觉领域类比过程的神经相关物，但在听觉方面进展甚微。 这里提出的实验将研究听觉系统如何利用空间信息将注意力引导到一个或另一个声音。 这些结果应该告诉我们更多关于空间信息如何帮助我们在复杂环境中听到的信息。最终，这些结果可能会对听力受损的各种情况产生重要影响-例如与听力损失相关的听力损失，或者当听觉注意力无法正常工作时-例如注意力缺陷障碍。