Neural mechanisms for auditory-motor integration and learning: prediction and reward

听觉运动整合和学习的神经机制：预测和奖励

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-04026
• 负责人: Penhune, Virginia
• 金额: $ 4.01万
• 依托单位: Concordia University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=764112
• 关键词: Neural; mechanisms; auditory; motor; integration

This research program will probe the neural systems underlying prediction and reward in auditory-motor learning. It is based on anatomical and physiological models of music and speech which propose that there is an auditory dorsal stream in the human brain that predictively links sound and action. Objective 1 aims to dissociate the role of dorsal stream structures in auditory-motor learning, and to identify the generators and oscillatory signatures of predictive motor responses. Prediction is also critical in musical reward or pleasure which emerges from the tension between expectations and outcomes, and is mediated by dopamine-modulated striatal networks. Importantly, striatal reward mechanisms are also crucial for learning, but the link between musical pleasure and learning has not been explored. Thus Objective 2 will examine the impact of predictability and pleasure on learning to play a melody. Finally, models of musical pleasure propose that striatal reward networks interact with cortical systems. In Objective 3 we aim for the first time to identify interactions between dorsal-stream sensorimotor prediction networks and striatal reward networks in the context of musical groove - the pleasurable desire to move to music. We have developed a series of novel paradigms in our lab and will combine them with converging brain imaging and neuro-stimulation methods to address the following hypotheses: (1) The role dorsal- and ventral premotor cortex in acquiring auditory-motor associations will be tested using repetitive TMS. Further, we hypothesize that predictive auditory-motor associations are encoded in dorsal stream oscillatory networks. We will test this by combining single-pulse TMS with EEG and MEG. (2) We have shown that melodic predictability and pleasure modulate auditory-motor learning. We hypothesize that this learning results from the combined contributions of dorsal stream and reward networks and we will test this using fMRI. (3) We will use MEG and fMRI to test the hypothesis that interactions between the dorsal stream and reward networks underlie musical groove. This work is innovative in exploring the interaction between neural systems for predictive control of action and those mediating reward, and in examining the underlying brain oscillatory mechanisms. The results will advance our understanding of dorsal stream contributions to auditory-motor integration, prediction and learning. They will also serve to refine models of the oscillatory mechanisms that link auditory and motor information for predictive control of action. Objectives 2 and 3 are original in testing the interaction between dorsal stream prediction and learning mechanisms and striatal reward mechanisms. This will provide critical insights into the impact of intrinsic reward on motor learning, and will contribute to identifying the neural mechanisms underlying the strong link between sound, action and pleasure that characterize human interactions with music.

这项研究计划将探讨神经系统潜在的预测和奖励的运动学习。它基于音乐和语音的解剖学和生理学模型，提出在人类大脑中存在预测性地将声音和动作联系起来的听觉背流。目的1旨在分离背流结构在认知-运动学习中的作用，并确定预测运动反应的发生器和振荡信号。预测在音乐奖励或快乐中也很关键，这种奖励或快乐来自于期望和结果之间的紧张关系，并由多巴胺调节的纹状体网络介导。重要的是，纹状体的奖励机制对学习也至关重要，但音乐快乐和学习之间的联系尚未被探索。因此，目标2将考察可预测性和愉悦感对学习演奏旋律的影响。最后，音乐愉悦的模型提出，纹状体奖励网络与皮质系统相互作用。在目标3中，我们的目标是第一次确定背流感觉运动预测网络和纹状体奖励网络之间的相互作用，在音乐凹槽的背景下-快乐的愿望移动到音乐。 我们已经在我们的实验室开发了一系列新的范例，并将联合收割机将它们与会聚的脑成像和神经刺激方法相结合，以解决以下假设：（1）背侧和腹侧运动前皮层在获得运动-运动关联中的作用将使用重复TMS进行测试。此外，我们假设，预测性的神经运动协会编码在背流振荡网络。我们将通过将单脉冲TMS与EEG和MEG相结合来测试这一点。(2)我们已经证明，旋律的可预测性和愉悦感调节了记忆-运动学习。我们假设这种学习是背流和奖励网络共同作用的结果，我们将使用功能磁共振成像来验证这一点。 (3)我们将使用脑磁图和功能磁共振成像来验证背流和奖励网络之间的相互作用是音乐凹槽的基础这一假设。这项工作是创新性的，在探索神经系统之间的相互作用，预测控制的行动和那些调解奖励，并在检查潜在的脑振荡机制。这些结果将促进我们对背流对大脑-运动整合、预测和学习的贡献的理解。它们还将用于完善振荡机制的模型，该机制将听觉和运动信息联系起来，用于预测控制动作。目的2和3是原来在测试背流预测和学习机制和纹状体奖励机制之间的相互作用。这将为内在奖励对运动学习的影响提供重要的见解，并将有助于确定声音，动作和快乐之间的强烈联系的神经机制，这些机制是人类与音乐互动的特征。