3D high-resolution seismic inversion

3D高分辨率地震反演

• 批准号: 217032-2008
• 负责人: Margrave, Gary
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=496954
• 关键词: 3D; resolution; seismic; inversion

This project addresses seismic imaging with the goal of substantial improvements in the resolution and the reliability of such images. Present seismic imaging technology has developed mostly as refinements of conceptual paradigms that first emerged in the middle of the 20th century, such as raytracing and hyperbolic traveltime surfaces. More recently, inverse scattering approaches have proven that much more can be done. In my personal work, I have shown that modern mathematical concepts, such as Gabor transforms and pseudodifferential operators, can result in substantial improvements both in resolution and image accuracy. This proposed research will build upon these successes by extending recently developed nonstationary Gabor deconvolution and depth migration methods with new capabilities. Gabor deconvolution corrects seismic data for earth attenuation effects while simultaneously optimizing the seismic wavelet. This process will be improved by constraining the method to estimate a spatially consistent attenuation model, by incorporating more information from available boreholes, and by an improved understanding of seismic wavelet phase. My recently developed depth imaging methods, the FOCI method and the Gabor Imaging method, will be extended to 3D and optimized for numerical performance. In both cases, the 3D extension involves significant research challenges but the rewards could be large since both have been shown to give exceptionally high resolution. Both methods will be studied as possible engines for imaging velocity analysis and for iterative inversion methods. Also, the imaging of nonstandard wave types, such as mode-converted reflections and multiples, will be pursued. Finally, the basic design of 3D seismic surveys will be analyzed from the perspective of mathematical sampling theory. It has been shown that practical surveys can never meet the requirements of proper unaliased sampling and so it is intended to seek acquisition geometries, i.e. the placement of sources and receivers, and imaging algorithms, that will minimize the consequences of unavoidable aliasing.

该项目涉及地震成像，目的是大幅度提高这种图像的分辨率和可靠性。 目前的地震成像技术主要是对20世纪中叶首次出现的概念范式（例如射线追踪和双曲线旅行时表面）的改进。 最近，逆散射方法已经证明可以做更多的事情。 在我的个人工作中，我已经证明了现代数学概念，如伽柏变换和伪微分算子，可以在分辨率和图像精度方面都有实质性的改进。 这项拟议的研究将建立在这些成功的基础上，扩展最近开发的非平稳Gabor反褶积和深度偏移方法的新功能。 Gabor反褶积校正地震数据的地球衰减效应，同时优化地震子波。 这一过程将得到改善，通过限制的方法，以估计一个空间一致的衰减模型，通过纳入更多的信息，从现有的钻孔，并通过一个更好的理解地震子波相位。 我最近开发的深度成像方法，FOCI方法和Gabor成像方法，将扩展到3D和优化的数值性能。 在这两种情况下，3D扩展都涉及重大的研究挑战，但回报可能很大，因为两者都被证明可以提供非常高的分辨率。 这两种方法将作为成像速度分析和迭代反演方法的可能引擎进行研究。 此外，成像的非标准波类型，如模式转换的反射和多次波，将追求。 最后，将从数学抽样理论的角度分析三维地震勘探的基本设计。 它已被证明，实际的调查，永远不能满足适当的无混叠采样的要求，因此，它的目的是寻求采集几何形状，即源和接收器的放置，以及成像算法，这将最大限度地减少不可避免的混叠的后果。