"Exercise Mediated Systemic Cellular Protection - ""Exerkines"""

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

It is well known that regular endurance exercise provides protective benefit to tissues and organs outside of the exercising skeletal muscle and may delay the effects of aging. Several lines of evidence suggest that muscle releases endocrine factors (hormones) into the circulation that travel by the blood stream to distant tissues and activate cellular process that confer protection on those tissues. Common examples would include the lower risk of certain cancers with regular exercise and the fact that exercise can increase nerve formation in the brain. We have shown that exercise (three times per week for five months) in mice that were genetically altered to age rapidly provided protection to a variety of organs and tissues (eyes, gonads, bone marrow, skin) and prevented mitochondrial damage (the mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell). We then took serum from exercising humans and found that the serum activated cells in culture (Petri dish) and had a strong beneficial influence on the mitochondria. The latter observations from the background to the current proposal where we will further explore the concept of exercise related systemic factors ("exerkines") to determine their identity and specifically how they act on non-exercised tissue to enhance cell vitality and mitochondrial capacity. The study will involve the use of cutting edge technology including proteomics (identifying many proteins at once) and genomics (identifying the gene expression "signature") to characterize the proteins that change following exercise and how they alter cellular pathways in every tissue in living organisms (muscle, nerve, connective and epithelial). The data obtained from these experiments may identify proteins that can be eventually used as a therapy for patients with diseases that are common with aging (muscle atrophy/sarcopenia, Alzheimer's disease, cancer, etc.).